The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary
ABSTRACT The erodibility of natural estuarine sediments was measured in sit along a longitudinal transect of Manitounuk Sound, Hudson Bay, using the benthic flume Sea Carousel. Sedimentation processes along the transect varied from continuous, rapid, post‐glacial sedimentation in the inner Sound, to...
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x 2024-06-02T08:07:54+00:00 The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary AMOS, CARL L. SUTHERLAND, T. F. ZEVENHUIZEN, J. 1996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Sedimentology volume 43, issue 1, page 1-19 ISSN 0037-0746 1365-3091 journal-article 1996 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x 2024-05-03T11:22:24Z ABSTRACT The erodibility of natural estuarine sediments was measured in sit along a longitudinal transect of Manitounuk Sound, Hudson Bay, using the benthic flume Sea Carousel. Sedimentation processes along the transect varied from continuous, rapid, post‐glacial sedimentation in the inner Sound, to glacial outcrops and seabed reworking of the outer Sound. The grain size and physical bulk properties reflect changes in depositional environment and correlate with sediment erosion threshold stress (τ c ), erosion rate ( E ), erosion type and still‐water mass settling rate. There was a steady increase in τ c (0·8–2·0 Pa) with distance down the Sound in parallel with the decreasing sedimentation rate (0·003–0·001 m yr −1 ) and increasing sediment bulk density (1650–2010 kg m −3 ). The near‐surface friction coefficient varied up to 68° in proportion to the clay content of post‐glacial material. Glacial sediments were characterized by variable results and generally higher friction coefficients. Seabed erosion in Sea Carousel began with surface creep of loose aggregates, pellets and organic debris. This was followed by Type I bed erosion at rates that varied between 0·0002 and 0·0032 kg m −2 s −1 (mean 0·0015). Type I peak erosion rate was inversely related to applied bed shear stress (τ o ). Type II erosion succeeded Type I, often after a broad transitional period. Simulations of suspended sediment concentration in Sea Carousel were made using four commonly used erosion ( E ) algorithms. The best results were obtained using Krone's dimensionless ratio relationship: E=M (τ o /τ c ‐1). Simulations were highly sensitive to the definition of erosion threshold with sediment depth [τ c (z)]. Small errors in definition of τ c (z) caused large errors in the prediction of suspended sediment concentration which far exceeded differences between the methods tested. Article in Journal/Newspaper Hudson Bay Manitounuk Sound Subarctic Wiley Online Library Hudson Hudson Bay Manitounuk Sound ENVELOPE(-77.416,-77.416,55.498,55.498) Sedimentology 43 1 1 19 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT The erodibility of natural estuarine sediments was measured in sit along a longitudinal transect of Manitounuk Sound, Hudson Bay, using the benthic flume Sea Carousel. Sedimentation processes along the transect varied from continuous, rapid, post‐glacial sedimentation in the inner Sound, to glacial outcrops and seabed reworking of the outer Sound. The grain size and physical bulk properties reflect changes in depositional environment and correlate with sediment erosion threshold stress (τ c ), erosion rate ( E ), erosion type and still‐water mass settling rate. There was a steady increase in τ c (0·8–2·0 Pa) with distance down the Sound in parallel with the decreasing sedimentation rate (0·003–0·001 m yr −1 ) and increasing sediment bulk density (1650–2010 kg m −3 ). The near‐surface friction coefficient varied up to 68° in proportion to the clay content of post‐glacial material. Glacial sediments were characterized by variable results and generally higher friction coefficients. Seabed erosion in Sea Carousel began with surface creep of loose aggregates, pellets and organic debris. This was followed by Type I bed erosion at rates that varied between 0·0002 and 0·0032 kg m −2 s −1 (mean 0·0015). Type I peak erosion rate was inversely related to applied bed shear stress (τ o ). Type II erosion succeeded Type I, often after a broad transitional period. Simulations of suspended sediment concentration in Sea Carousel were made using four commonly used erosion ( E ) algorithms. The best results were obtained using Krone's dimensionless ratio relationship: E=M (τ o /τ c ‐1). Simulations were highly sensitive to the definition of erosion threshold with sediment depth [τ c (z)]. Small errors in definition of τ c (z) caused large errors in the prediction of suspended sediment concentration which far exceeded differences between the methods tested. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
AMOS, CARL L. SUTHERLAND, T. F. ZEVENHUIZEN, J. |
spellingShingle |
AMOS, CARL L. SUTHERLAND, T. F. ZEVENHUIZEN, J. The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary |
author_facet |
AMOS, CARL L. SUTHERLAND, T. F. ZEVENHUIZEN, J. |
author_sort |
AMOS, CARL L. |
title |
The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary |
title_short |
The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary |
title_full |
The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary |
title_fullStr |
The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary |
title_full_unstemmed |
The stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary |
title_sort |
stability of sublittoral, fine‐grained sediments in a subarctic estuary |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1996 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-77.416,-77.416,55.498,55.498) |
geographic |
Hudson Hudson Bay Manitounuk Sound |
geographic_facet |
Hudson Hudson Bay Manitounuk Sound |
genre |
Hudson Bay Manitounuk Sound Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Hudson Bay Manitounuk Sound Subarctic |
op_source |
Sedimentology volume 43, issue 1, page 1-19 ISSN 0037-0746 1365-3091 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01455.x |
container_title |
Sedimentology |
container_volume |
43 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
19 |
_version_ |
1800753035838750720 |