Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains
ABSTRACT The Shackleton Limestone formed a carbonate platform that bordered part of the Greater Antarctic craton in middle and late Early Cambrian time. In the Holyoake Range of the central Transantarctic Mountains, this unit records deposition on a stable shelf on which flourished ecological reefs...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x |
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x 2024-10-13T14:02:55+00:00 Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains REES, MARGARET N. PRATT, BRIAN R. ROWELL, A. J. 1989 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Sedimentology volume 36, issue 2, page 341-361 ISSN 0037-0746 1365-3091 journal-article 1989 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x 2024-09-17T04:45:38Z ABSTRACT The Shackleton Limestone formed a carbonate platform that bordered part of the Greater Antarctic craton in middle and late Early Cambrian time. In the Holyoake Range of the central Transantarctic Mountains, this unit records deposition on a stable shelf on which flourished ecological reefs composed of microorganisms and archaeocyathans. Burrow‐mottled lime mudstone, wackestone and packstone with patch reefs represent accumulation in shelf areas of relatively low to moderate energy. Thick ooidal grainstone units reflect deposition in higher energy shoals and as sand sheets that were associated with extensive reef complexes. The framework of these reefs was principally the product of micro‐organisms, by inference mostly cyanobacteria. Archaeocyathans constitute as much as 30% of some reefs, but commonly they form less than 10% and are absent from some. On the basis of microbial composition, three reef types are recognized. The first type is a Renalcis boundstone that lacks archaeocyathans. Within these, abundant upward‐directed thalii of Renalcis formed a framework that trapped fine‐grained sediment. The second type, which forms the core of some larger reefs, is composed of stromatactis‐bearing, microbial boundstone. The third, yet most common, reef type is variable in composition. It is characterized by the presence of abundant Epiphyton , but may include archaeocyathans, and the microbial microfossils Girvanella and Renalcis as well as cryptomicrobial clotted micrite. In this type of reef, frame‐building organisms typically constructed highly porous structures that had small interparticle and fenestral pores and large growth‐framework cavities, as well as rare metre‐sized caverns. Within these spaces, Epiphyton and, less commonly Renalcis, encrusted framework elements, fine‐grained sediments accumulated, and pervasive sea‐floor cements were precipitated. Boundstone fabrics in the Shackleton Limestone are highly complex, with fabrics analogous to younger, more metazoan‐rich reefs, as well as deep‐water ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Wiley Online Library Antarctic Shackleton Transantarctic Mountains Holyoake Range ENVELOPE(160.000,160.000,-82.217,-82.217) Sedimentology 36 2 341 361 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT The Shackleton Limestone formed a carbonate platform that bordered part of the Greater Antarctic craton in middle and late Early Cambrian time. In the Holyoake Range of the central Transantarctic Mountains, this unit records deposition on a stable shelf on which flourished ecological reefs composed of microorganisms and archaeocyathans. Burrow‐mottled lime mudstone, wackestone and packstone with patch reefs represent accumulation in shelf areas of relatively low to moderate energy. Thick ooidal grainstone units reflect deposition in higher energy shoals and as sand sheets that were associated with extensive reef complexes. The framework of these reefs was principally the product of micro‐organisms, by inference mostly cyanobacteria. Archaeocyathans constitute as much as 30% of some reefs, but commonly they form less than 10% and are absent from some. On the basis of microbial composition, three reef types are recognized. The first type is a Renalcis boundstone that lacks archaeocyathans. Within these, abundant upward‐directed thalii of Renalcis formed a framework that trapped fine‐grained sediment. The second type, which forms the core of some larger reefs, is composed of stromatactis‐bearing, microbial boundstone. The third, yet most common, reef type is variable in composition. It is characterized by the presence of abundant Epiphyton , but may include archaeocyathans, and the microbial microfossils Girvanella and Renalcis as well as cryptomicrobial clotted micrite. In this type of reef, frame‐building organisms typically constructed highly porous structures that had small interparticle and fenestral pores and large growth‐framework cavities, as well as rare metre‐sized caverns. Within these spaces, Epiphyton and, less commonly Renalcis, encrusted framework elements, fine‐grained sediments accumulated, and pervasive sea‐floor cements were precipitated. Boundstone fabrics in the Shackleton Limestone are highly complex, with fabrics analogous to younger, more metazoan‐rich reefs, as well as deep‐water ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
REES, MARGARET N. PRATT, BRIAN R. ROWELL, A. J. |
spellingShingle |
REES, MARGARET N. PRATT, BRIAN R. ROWELL, A. J. Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains |
author_facet |
REES, MARGARET N. PRATT, BRIAN R. ROWELL, A. J. |
author_sort |
REES, MARGARET N. |
title |
Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains |
title_short |
Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains |
title_full |
Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains |
title_fullStr |
Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early Cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the Shackleton Limestone, Transantarctic Mountains |
title_sort |
early cambrian reefs, reef complexes, and associated lithofacies of the shackleton limestone, transantarctic mountains |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1989 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(160.000,160.000,-82.217,-82.217) |
geographic |
Antarctic Shackleton Transantarctic Mountains Holyoake Range |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Shackleton Transantarctic Mountains Holyoake Range |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Sedimentology volume 36, issue 2, page 341-361 ISSN 0037-0746 1365-3091 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00611.x |
container_title |
Sedimentology |
container_volume |
36 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
341 |
op_container_end_page |
361 |
_version_ |
1812819357073408000 |