FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus)
Abstract By the mid 20th century, the grey wolf ( Canis lupus ) was exterminated from most of the conterminous United States (cUS) and Mexico. However, because wolves disperse over long distances, extant populations in Canada and Alaska might have retained a substantial proportion of the genetic div...
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2004.02389.x 2024-09-15T18:01:05+00:00 FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus) LEONARD, JENNIFER A. VILÀ, CARLES WAYNE, ROBERT K. 2004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2004.02389.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2004.02389.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02389.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Molecular Ecology volume 14, issue 1, page 9-17 ISSN 0962-1083 1365-294X journal-article 2004 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2004.02389.x 2024-08-27T04:25:24Z Abstract By the mid 20th century, the grey wolf ( Canis lupus ) was exterminated from most of the conterminous United States (cUS) and Mexico. However, because wolves disperse over long distances, extant populations in Canada and Alaska might have retained a substantial proportion of the genetic diversity once found in the cUS. We analysed mitochondrial DNA sequences of 34 pre‐extermination wolves and found that they had more than twice the diversity of their modern conspecifics, implying a historic population size of several hundred thousand wolves in the western cUS and Mexico. Further, two‐thirds of the haplotypes found in the historic sample are unique. Sequences from Mexican grey wolves ( C. l. baileyi ) and some historic grey wolves defined a unique southern clade supporting a much wider geographical mandate for the reintroduction of Mexican wolves than currently planned. Our results highlight the genetic consequences of population extinction within Ice Age refugia and imply that restoration goals for grey wolves in the western cUS include far less area and target vastly lower population sizes than existed historically. Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus Alaska Wiley Online Library Molecular Ecology 14 1 9 17 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract By the mid 20th century, the grey wolf ( Canis lupus ) was exterminated from most of the conterminous United States (cUS) and Mexico. However, because wolves disperse over long distances, extant populations in Canada and Alaska might have retained a substantial proportion of the genetic diversity once found in the cUS. We analysed mitochondrial DNA sequences of 34 pre‐extermination wolves and found that they had more than twice the diversity of their modern conspecifics, implying a historic population size of several hundred thousand wolves in the western cUS and Mexico. Further, two‐thirds of the haplotypes found in the historic sample are unique. Sequences from Mexican grey wolves ( C. l. baileyi ) and some historic grey wolves defined a unique southern clade supporting a much wider geographical mandate for the reintroduction of Mexican wolves than currently planned. Our results highlight the genetic consequences of population extinction within Ice Age refugia and imply that restoration goals for grey wolves in the western cUS include far less area and target vastly lower population sizes than existed historically. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
LEONARD, JENNIFER A. VILÀ, CARLES WAYNE, ROBERT K. |
spellingShingle |
LEONARD, JENNIFER A. VILÀ, CARLES WAYNE, ROBERT K. FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus) |
author_facet |
LEONARD, JENNIFER A. VILÀ, CARLES WAYNE, ROBERT K. |
author_sort |
LEONARD, JENNIFER A. |
title |
FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus) |
title_short |
FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus) |
title_full |
FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus) |
title_fullStr |
FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus) |
title_full_unstemmed |
FAST TRACK: Legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated US grey wolves ( Canis lupus) |
title_sort |
fast track: legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated us grey wolves ( canis lupus) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2004.02389.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2004.02389.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02389.x |
genre |
Canis lupus Alaska |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus Alaska |
op_source |
Molecular Ecology volume 14, issue 1, page 9-17 ISSN 0962-1083 1365-294X |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2004.02389.x |
container_title |
Molecular Ecology |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
9 |
op_container_end_page |
17 |
_version_ |
1810438276501209088 |