Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation
Abstract Aim To create a map of bird species richness (BSR) in East Asia and to examine the effect of area, isolation, primary productivity, topographic heterogeneity, and human population density on BSR. Location East Asia (from 70° E to 180° E longitude), including the eastern half of the Palaearc...
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01419.x 2024-06-23T07:50:47+00:00 Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation Ding, Tzung‐Su Yuan, Hsiao‐Wei Geng, Shu Koh, Chao‐Nien Lee, Pei‐Fen 2006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01419.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2699.2006.01419.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01419.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Biogeography volume 33, issue 4, page 683-693 ISSN 0305-0270 1365-2699 journal-article 2006 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01419.x 2024-06-04T06:40:33Z Abstract Aim To create a map of bird species richness (BSR) in East Asia and to examine the effect of area, isolation, primary productivity, topographic heterogeneity, and human population density on BSR. Location East Asia (from 70° E to 180° E longitude), including the eastern half of the Palaearctic Region, the entire Oriental Region, and the entire Wallacea Subregion. Methods The breeding ranges of 2406 terrestrial bird species were mapped and overlaid to create a species richness map. The BSR map was transformed into a 100 × 100 km quadrat system, and BSR was analysed in relation to land area, average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), elevation range, and average population density. Results In general, BSR declined from the Tropics to the Arctic. In mainland East Asia, however, BSR was highest around the Tropic of Cancer, and fluctuated between 30° and 50° N. Islands had lower BSR than adjacent mainland areas. The NDVI was strongly positively correlated with BSR in mainland areas and on islands. For mainland areas, NDVI explained 65% of the BSR variation, and topographic heterogeneity explained an additional 6% in ordinary least‐squares regression. On islands, NDVI explained 66% of BSR variation, island area explained 13%, and distance to mainland accounted for 1%. Main conclusions In East Asia, we suggest that primary productivity is the key factor underpinning patterns of BSR. Primary productivity sets the upper limits of the capacity of habitats to support bird species. In isolated areas such as islands and peninsulas, however, BSR might not reach the richness limits set by primary productivity because the degree of isolation and area size also can affect species richness. Other factors, such as spatial heterogeneity, biotic interactions, and perturbations, may also affect species richness. However, their effects are secondary and are not as strong as primary productivity, isolation, and area size. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Wiley Online Library Arctic Journal of Biogeography 33 4 683 693 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
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Abstract Aim To create a map of bird species richness (BSR) in East Asia and to examine the effect of area, isolation, primary productivity, topographic heterogeneity, and human population density on BSR. Location East Asia (from 70° E to 180° E longitude), including the eastern half of the Palaearctic Region, the entire Oriental Region, and the entire Wallacea Subregion. Methods The breeding ranges of 2406 terrestrial bird species were mapped and overlaid to create a species richness map. The BSR map was transformed into a 100 × 100 km quadrat system, and BSR was analysed in relation to land area, average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), elevation range, and average population density. Results In general, BSR declined from the Tropics to the Arctic. In mainland East Asia, however, BSR was highest around the Tropic of Cancer, and fluctuated between 30° and 50° N. Islands had lower BSR than adjacent mainland areas. The NDVI was strongly positively correlated with BSR in mainland areas and on islands. For mainland areas, NDVI explained 65% of the BSR variation, and topographic heterogeneity explained an additional 6% in ordinary least‐squares regression. On islands, NDVI explained 66% of BSR variation, island area explained 13%, and distance to mainland accounted for 1%. Main conclusions In East Asia, we suggest that primary productivity is the key factor underpinning patterns of BSR. Primary productivity sets the upper limits of the capacity of habitats to support bird species. In isolated areas such as islands and peninsulas, however, BSR might not reach the richness limits set by primary productivity because the degree of isolation and area size also can affect species richness. Other factors, such as spatial heterogeneity, biotic interactions, and perturbations, may also affect species richness. However, their effects are secondary and are not as strong as primary productivity, isolation, and area size. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ding, Tzung‐Su Yuan, Hsiao‐Wei Geng, Shu Koh, Chao‐Nien Lee, Pei‐Fen |
spellingShingle |
Ding, Tzung‐Su Yuan, Hsiao‐Wei Geng, Shu Koh, Chao‐Nien Lee, Pei‐Fen Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation |
author_facet |
Ding, Tzung‐Su Yuan, Hsiao‐Wei Geng, Shu Koh, Chao‐Nien Lee, Pei‐Fen |
author_sort |
Ding, Tzung‐Su |
title |
Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation |
title_short |
Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation |
title_full |
Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation |
title_fullStr |
Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the East Asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation |
title_sort |
macro‐scale bird species richness patterns of the east asian mainland and islands: energy, area and isolation |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01419.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2699.2006.01419.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01419.x |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Biogeography volume 33, issue 4, page 683-693 ISSN 0305-0270 1365-2699 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01419.x |
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Journal of Biogeography |
container_volume |
33 |
container_issue |
4 |
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683 |
op_container_end_page |
693 |
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1802641700325163008 |