Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community
Abstract Positive and negative species interactions are important factors in structuring vegetation communities. Studies in many ecosystems have focussed on competition; however, facilitation has often been found to outweigh competition under harsh environmental conditions. The balance between posit...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2006.01185.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x |
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x 2024-09-15T18:04:50+00:00 Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community WIPF, SONJA RIXEN, CHRISTIAN MULDER, CHRISTA P. H. 2006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2006.01185.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Global Change Biology volume 12, issue 8, page 1496-1506 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 journal-article 2006 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x 2024-08-30T04:11:39Z Abstract Positive and negative species interactions are important factors in structuring vegetation communities. Studies in many ecosystems have focussed on competition; however, facilitation has often been found to outweigh competition under harsh environmental conditions. The balance between positive and negative species interactions is known to shift along spatial, temporal and environmental gradients and thus is likely to be affected by climate change. Winter temperature and precipitation patterns in Interior Alaska are rapidly changing and could lead to warmer winters with a shallow, early melting snow cover in the near future. We conducted snow manipulation and neighbour removal experiments to test whether the relative importance of positive and negative species interactions differs between three winter climate scenarios in a subarctic tundra community. In plots with ambient, manually advanced or delayed snowmelt, we assessed the relative importance of neighbours for survival, phenology, growth and reproduction of two dwarf shrub species. Under ambient conditions and after delayed snowmelt, positive and negative neighbour effects were generally balanced, but when snowmelt was advanced we found overall facilitative neighbour effects on survival, phenology, growth and reproduction of Empetrum nigrum , the earlier developing of the two target species. As earlier snowmelt was correlated with colder spring temperatures and a higher number of frosts, we conclude that plants experienced harsher environmental conditions after early snowmelt and that neighbours could have played an important role in ameliorating the physical environment at the beginning of the growing season. Article in Journal/Newspaper Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra Alaska Wiley Online Library Global Change Biology 12 8 1496 1506 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Positive and negative species interactions are important factors in structuring vegetation communities. Studies in many ecosystems have focussed on competition; however, facilitation has often been found to outweigh competition under harsh environmental conditions. The balance between positive and negative species interactions is known to shift along spatial, temporal and environmental gradients and thus is likely to be affected by climate change. Winter temperature and precipitation patterns in Interior Alaska are rapidly changing and could lead to warmer winters with a shallow, early melting snow cover in the near future. We conducted snow manipulation and neighbour removal experiments to test whether the relative importance of positive and negative species interactions differs between three winter climate scenarios in a subarctic tundra community. In plots with ambient, manually advanced or delayed snowmelt, we assessed the relative importance of neighbours for survival, phenology, growth and reproduction of two dwarf shrub species. Under ambient conditions and after delayed snowmelt, positive and negative neighbour effects were generally balanced, but when snowmelt was advanced we found overall facilitative neighbour effects on survival, phenology, growth and reproduction of Empetrum nigrum , the earlier developing of the two target species. As earlier snowmelt was correlated with colder spring temperatures and a higher number of frosts, we conclude that plants experienced harsher environmental conditions after early snowmelt and that neighbours could have played an important role in ameliorating the physical environment at the beginning of the growing season. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
WIPF, SONJA RIXEN, CHRISTIAN MULDER, CHRISTA P. H. |
spellingShingle |
WIPF, SONJA RIXEN, CHRISTIAN MULDER, CHRISTA P. H. Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community |
author_facet |
WIPF, SONJA RIXEN, CHRISTIAN MULDER, CHRISTA P. H. |
author_sort |
WIPF, SONJA |
title |
Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community |
title_short |
Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community |
title_full |
Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community |
title_fullStr |
Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community |
title_full_unstemmed |
Advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community |
title_sort |
advanced snowmelt causes shift towards positive neighbour interactions in a subarctic tundra community |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2006.01185.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x |
genre |
Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra Alaska |
genre_facet |
Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra Alaska |
op_source |
Global Change Biology volume 12, issue 8, page 1496-1506 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01185.x |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1496 |
op_container_end_page |
1506 |
_version_ |
1810442441970417664 |