The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar
The hearing of the salmon, Salmo salar L., was studied by means of a cardiac conditioning technique. Fish were trained to show a slowing of the heart, on hearing a sound, in anticipation of a mild electric shock applied later. The minimum sound level to which the fish would respond was determined fo...
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Language: | English |
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Wiley
1978
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x 2024-06-02T08:03:40+00:00 The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar Hawkins, A. D. Johnstone, A. D. F. 1978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Fish Biology volume 13, issue 6, page 655-673 ISSN 0022-1112 1095-8649 journal-article 1978 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x 2024-05-03T11:43:25Z The hearing of the salmon, Salmo salar L., was studied by means of a cardiac conditioning technique. Fish were trained to show a slowing of the heart, on hearing a sound, in anticipation of a mild electric shock applied later. The minimum sound level to which the fish would respond was determined for a range of pure tones, both in the sea, and in the laboratory. The fish responded only to low frequency tones (below 380 Hz), and particle motion, rather than sound pressure, proved to be the relevant stimulus. The sensitivity of the fish to sound was not affected by the level of sea noise under natural conditions but hearing is likely to be masked by ambient noise in a turbulent river. Sound measurements made in the River Dee, near Aberdeen, lead to the conclusion that salmon are unlikely to detect sounds originating in air, but that they are sensitive to substrate borne sounds. Compared with the carp and cod the hearing of the salmon is poor, and more like that of the perch and plaice. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Wiley Online Library Dee ENVELOPE(-59.767,-59.767,-62.433,-62.433) Journal of Fish Biology 13 6 655 673 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
The hearing of the salmon, Salmo salar L., was studied by means of a cardiac conditioning technique. Fish were trained to show a slowing of the heart, on hearing a sound, in anticipation of a mild electric shock applied later. The minimum sound level to which the fish would respond was determined for a range of pure tones, both in the sea, and in the laboratory. The fish responded only to low frequency tones (below 380 Hz), and particle motion, rather than sound pressure, proved to be the relevant stimulus. The sensitivity of the fish to sound was not affected by the level of sea noise under natural conditions but hearing is likely to be masked by ambient noise in a turbulent river. Sound measurements made in the River Dee, near Aberdeen, lead to the conclusion that salmon are unlikely to detect sounds originating in air, but that they are sensitive to substrate borne sounds. Compared with the carp and cod the hearing of the salmon is poor, and more like that of the perch and plaice. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hawkins, A. D. Johnstone, A. D. F. |
spellingShingle |
Hawkins, A. D. Johnstone, A. D. F. The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar |
author_facet |
Hawkins, A. D. Johnstone, A. D. F. |
author_sort |
Hawkins, A. D. |
title |
The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar |
title_short |
The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar |
title_full |
The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar |
title_fullStr |
The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar |
title_full_unstemmed |
The hearing of the Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar |
title_sort |
hearing of the atlantic salmon, salmo salar |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1978 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-59.767,-59.767,-62.433,-62.433) |
geographic |
Dee |
geographic_facet |
Dee |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Journal of Fish Biology volume 13, issue 6, page 655-673 ISSN 0022-1112 1095-8649 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03480.x |
container_title |
Journal of Fish Biology |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
655 |
op_container_end_page |
673 |
_version_ |
1800748260198973440 |