Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares
We studied the variation in bark chemistry between and within 19 European white birch ( Betula pendula ) clones and its implications to resistance to the mountain hare ( Lepus timidus ). We used one‐year‐old clonal plantlets originating from randomly selected naturally regenerated parental trees. Th...
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crwiley:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x 2024-09-15T18:17:47+00:00 Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares Laitinen, M.‐L. Julkunen‐Tiitto, R. Yamaji, K. Heinonen, J. Rousi, M. 2004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.0030-1299.2004.12793.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Oikos volume 104, issue 2, page 316-326 ISSN 0030-1299 1600-0706 journal-article 2004 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x 2024-07-23T04:13:09Z We studied the variation in bark chemistry between and within 19 European white birch ( Betula pendula ) clones and its implications to resistance to the mountain hare ( Lepus timidus ). We used one‐year‐old clonal plantlets originating from randomly selected naturally regenerated parental trees. The same clones were used in both chemical analyses and in feeding experiments. The condensed tannins were analysed by an acid butanol assay, other phenolic components by HPLC‐DAD, and triterpenoid components by HPLC‐MS. The resistance to hare was tested in open‐field feeding experiment. The main phenolic compounds in birch bark were catechin derivatives, rhododendrin, platyphylloside, and condensed tannins, and the main triterpenoids were papyriferic acid and pendulic acid. Most of the variation in the concentrations of the studied compounds was found between clones for the studied phenolics and large variation for triterpenoid components were found both between clones and among plantlets within the same clone. Hares clearly selected among the studied clones. Our results suggest that birch bark chemistry play an important role in resistance to herbivory by hare. The total triterpenoids and total flavonoid‐aglycones showed significant negative correlation with hare feeding. It seems that a genetic basis for bark chemistry and birch resistance is strong. Such a high variation in secondary chemistry both between clones and within individual clones indicates that European white birch populations have a good resistance towards variable environmental conditions and varying pressures from herbivory. Article in Journal/Newspaper Lepus timidus mountain hare Wiley Online Library Oikos 104 2 316 326 |
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English |
description |
We studied the variation in bark chemistry between and within 19 European white birch ( Betula pendula ) clones and its implications to resistance to the mountain hare ( Lepus timidus ). We used one‐year‐old clonal plantlets originating from randomly selected naturally regenerated parental trees. The same clones were used in both chemical analyses and in feeding experiments. The condensed tannins were analysed by an acid butanol assay, other phenolic components by HPLC‐DAD, and triterpenoid components by HPLC‐MS. The resistance to hare was tested in open‐field feeding experiment. The main phenolic compounds in birch bark were catechin derivatives, rhododendrin, platyphylloside, and condensed tannins, and the main triterpenoids were papyriferic acid and pendulic acid. Most of the variation in the concentrations of the studied compounds was found between clones for the studied phenolics and large variation for triterpenoid components were found both between clones and among plantlets within the same clone. Hares clearly selected among the studied clones. Our results suggest that birch bark chemistry play an important role in resistance to herbivory by hare. The total triterpenoids and total flavonoid‐aglycones showed significant negative correlation with hare feeding. It seems that a genetic basis for bark chemistry and birch resistance is strong. Such a high variation in secondary chemistry both between clones and within individual clones indicates that European white birch populations have a good resistance towards variable environmental conditions and varying pressures from herbivory. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Laitinen, M.‐L. Julkunen‐Tiitto, R. Yamaji, K. Heinonen, J. Rousi, M. |
spellingShingle |
Laitinen, M.‐L. Julkunen‐Tiitto, R. Yamaji, K. Heinonen, J. Rousi, M. Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares |
author_facet |
Laitinen, M.‐L. Julkunen‐Tiitto, R. Yamaji, K. Heinonen, J. Rousi, M. |
author_sort |
Laitinen, M.‐L. |
title |
Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares |
title_short |
Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares |
title_full |
Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares |
title_fullStr |
Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares |
title_sort |
variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.0030-1299.2004.12793.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x |
genre |
Lepus timidus mountain hare |
genre_facet |
Lepus timidus mountain hare |
op_source |
Oikos volume 104, issue 2, page 316-326 ISSN 0030-1299 1600-0706 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x |
container_title |
Oikos |
container_volume |
104 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
316 |
op_container_end_page |
326 |
_version_ |
1810455888226418688 |