The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data
Abstract Aim Tidal marsh ecosystems are heavily impacted by human activities, highlighting a pressing need to address gaps in our knowledge of their distribution. To better understand the global distribution and changes in tidal marsh extent, and identify opportunities for their conservation and res...
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crwiley:10.1111/geb.13852 2024-09-09T19:27:38+00:00 The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data Worthington, Thomas A. Spalding, Mark Landis, Emily Maxwell, Tania L. Navarro, Alejandro Smart, Lindsey S. Murray, Nicholas J. 2024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13852 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geb.13852 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Ecology and Biogeography volume 33, issue 8 ISSN 1466-822X 1466-8238 journal-article 2024 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13852 2024-07-23T04:11:43Z Abstract Aim Tidal marsh ecosystems are heavily impacted by human activities, highlighting a pressing need to address gaps in our knowledge of their distribution. To better understand the global distribution and changes in tidal marsh extent, and identify opportunities for their conservation and restoration, it is critical to develop a spatial knowledge base of their global occurrence. Here, we develop a globally consistent tidal marsh distribution map for the year 2020 at 10‐m resolution. Location Global. Time period 2020. Major taxa studied Tidal marshes. Methods To map the location of the world's tidal marshes at 10‐m resolution, we applied a random forest classification model to Earth observation data from the year 2020. We trained the classification model with a reference dataset developed to support distribution mapping of coastal ecosystems, and predicted the spatial distribution of tidal marshes between 60° N and 60° S. We validated the tidal marsh map using standard accuracy assessment methods, with our final map having an overall accuracy score of 0.85. Results We estimate the global extent of tidal marshes in 2020 to be 52,880 km 2 (95% CI: 32,030 to 59,780 km 2 ) distributed across 120 countries and territories. Tidal marsh distribution is centred in temperate and Arctic regions, with nearly half of the global extent of tidal marshes occurring in the temperate Northern Atlantic (45%) region. At the national scale, over a third of the global extent (18,510 km 2 CI: 11,200–20,900) occurs within the USA. Main conclusions Our analysis provides the most detailed spatial data on global tidal marsh distribution to date and shows that tidal marshes occur in more countries and across a greater proportion of the world's coastline than previous mapping studies. Our map fills a major knowledge gap regarding the distribution of the world's coastal ecosystems and provides the baseline needed for measuring changes in tidal marsh extent and estimating their value in terms of ecosystem services. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Wiley Online Library Arctic Global Ecology and Biogeography |
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English |
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Abstract Aim Tidal marsh ecosystems are heavily impacted by human activities, highlighting a pressing need to address gaps in our knowledge of their distribution. To better understand the global distribution and changes in tidal marsh extent, and identify opportunities for their conservation and restoration, it is critical to develop a spatial knowledge base of their global occurrence. Here, we develop a globally consistent tidal marsh distribution map for the year 2020 at 10‐m resolution. Location Global. Time period 2020. Major taxa studied Tidal marshes. Methods To map the location of the world's tidal marshes at 10‐m resolution, we applied a random forest classification model to Earth observation data from the year 2020. We trained the classification model with a reference dataset developed to support distribution mapping of coastal ecosystems, and predicted the spatial distribution of tidal marshes between 60° N and 60° S. We validated the tidal marsh map using standard accuracy assessment methods, with our final map having an overall accuracy score of 0.85. Results We estimate the global extent of tidal marshes in 2020 to be 52,880 km 2 (95% CI: 32,030 to 59,780 km 2 ) distributed across 120 countries and territories. Tidal marsh distribution is centred in temperate and Arctic regions, with nearly half of the global extent of tidal marshes occurring in the temperate Northern Atlantic (45%) region. At the national scale, over a third of the global extent (18,510 km 2 CI: 11,200–20,900) occurs within the USA. Main conclusions Our analysis provides the most detailed spatial data on global tidal marsh distribution to date and shows that tidal marshes occur in more countries and across a greater proportion of the world's coastline than previous mapping studies. Our map fills a major knowledge gap regarding the distribution of the world's coastal ecosystems and provides the baseline needed for measuring changes in tidal marsh extent and estimating their value in terms of ecosystem services. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Worthington, Thomas A. Spalding, Mark Landis, Emily Maxwell, Tania L. Navarro, Alejandro Smart, Lindsey S. Murray, Nicholas J. |
spellingShingle |
Worthington, Thomas A. Spalding, Mark Landis, Emily Maxwell, Tania L. Navarro, Alejandro Smart, Lindsey S. Murray, Nicholas J. The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data |
author_facet |
Worthington, Thomas A. Spalding, Mark Landis, Emily Maxwell, Tania L. Navarro, Alejandro Smart, Lindsey S. Murray, Nicholas J. |
author_sort |
Worthington, Thomas A. |
title |
The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data |
title_short |
The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data |
title_full |
The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data |
title_fullStr |
The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data |
title_full_unstemmed |
The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data |
title_sort |
distribution of global tidal marshes from earth observation data |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13852 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geb.13852 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Global Ecology and Biogeography volume 33, issue 8 ISSN 1466-822X 1466-8238 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13852 |
container_title |
Global Ecology and Biogeography |
_version_ |
1809897046661922816 |