Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean
Abstract Phytoplankton production in the Arctic Ocean is increasing due to global warming‐induced sea ice loss, which is generally assessed through satellite observations of surface chlorophyll. Here we show that a diatom bloom can occur near the seafloor rather than at the surface in the open Arcti...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16421 |
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crwiley:10.1111/gcb.16421 2024-09-15T17:53:07+00:00 Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean Shiozaki, Takuhei Fujiwara, Amane Sugie, Koji Nishino, Shigeto Makabe, Akiko Harada, Naomi Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16421 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Global Change Biology volume 28, issue 24, page 7286-7295 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16421 2024-08-30T04:13:01Z Abstract Phytoplankton production in the Arctic Ocean is increasing due to global warming‐induced sea ice loss, which is generally assessed through satellite observations of surface chlorophyll. Here we show that a diatom bloom can occur near the seafloor rather than at the surface in the open Arctic Ocean. Light can reach the seafloor underlying nutrient‐rich bottom water after the spring bloom because the surface water becomes oligotrophic and increases transparency in the region of shallow Arctic shelf. Our microcosm experiment demonstrated that diatoms formed a bloom when sediments on the shelf region, which contained abundant viable diatom cells, were exposed to even weak light reaching the seafloor (~1% of the surface irradiance). Repeated shipboard observations in the shelf region suggested that such bottom‐associated blooms occurred occasionally and the primary production was significantly underestimated by satellite observations. The average bottom irradiance (2003–2017) in the Arctic Ocean is particularly promoted in summer in the eastern East Siberian Sea and the Foxe Basin, which were ice‐covered throughout the year until the 1990s. Our results imply that hidden bottom‐associated blooms are now widespread across the shallow Arctic shelf region. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ocean East Siberian Sea Foxe Basin Global warming Phytoplankton Sea ice Wiley Online Library Global Change Biology 28 24 7286 7295 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Phytoplankton production in the Arctic Ocean is increasing due to global warming‐induced sea ice loss, which is generally assessed through satellite observations of surface chlorophyll. Here we show that a diatom bloom can occur near the seafloor rather than at the surface in the open Arctic Ocean. Light can reach the seafloor underlying nutrient‐rich bottom water after the spring bloom because the surface water becomes oligotrophic and increases transparency in the region of shallow Arctic shelf. Our microcosm experiment demonstrated that diatoms formed a bloom when sediments on the shelf region, which contained abundant viable diatom cells, were exposed to even weak light reaching the seafloor (~1% of the surface irradiance). Repeated shipboard observations in the shelf region suggested that such bottom‐associated blooms occurred occasionally and the primary production was significantly underestimated by satellite observations. The average bottom irradiance (2003–2017) in the Arctic Ocean is particularly promoted in summer in the eastern East Siberian Sea and the Foxe Basin, which were ice‐covered throughout the year until the 1990s. Our results imply that hidden bottom‐associated blooms are now widespread across the shallow Arctic shelf region. |
author2 |
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Shiozaki, Takuhei Fujiwara, Amane Sugie, Koji Nishino, Shigeto Makabe, Akiko Harada, Naomi |
spellingShingle |
Shiozaki, Takuhei Fujiwara, Amane Sugie, Koji Nishino, Shigeto Makabe, Akiko Harada, Naomi Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean |
author_facet |
Shiozaki, Takuhei Fujiwara, Amane Sugie, Koji Nishino, Shigeto Makabe, Akiko Harada, Naomi |
author_sort |
Shiozaki, Takuhei |
title |
Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
bottom‐associated phytoplankton bloom and its expansion in the arctic ocean |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16421 |
genre |
Arctic Ocean East Siberian Sea Foxe Basin Global warming Phytoplankton Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ocean East Siberian Sea Foxe Basin Global warming Phytoplankton Sea ice |
op_source |
Global Change Biology volume 28, issue 24, page 7286-7295 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16421 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
28 |
container_issue |
24 |
container_start_page |
7286 |
op_container_end_page |
7295 |
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1810295124198948864 |