Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica
Abstract Anthropogenic climate change is causing observable changes in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean including increased air and ocean temperatures, glacial melt leading to sea‐level rise and a reduction in salinity, and changes to freshwater water availability on land. These changes impact loca...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16356 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16356 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16356 |
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crwiley:10.1111/gcb.16356 2024-06-23T07:47:22+00:00 Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica Strugnell, Jan M. McGregor, Helen V. Wilson, Nerida G. Meredith, Karina T. Chown, Steven L. Lau, Sally C. Y. Robinson, Sharon A. Saunders, Krystyna M. Australian Research Council 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16356 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16356 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16356 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Change Biology volume 28, issue 22, page 6483-6508 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16356 2024-06-04T06:39:02Z Abstract Anthropogenic climate change is causing observable changes in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean including increased air and ocean temperatures, glacial melt leading to sea‐level rise and a reduction in salinity, and changes to freshwater water availability on land. These changes impact local Antarctic ecosystems and the Earth's climate system. The Antarctic has experienced significant past environmental change, including cycles of glaciation over the Quaternary Period (the past ~2.6 million years). Understanding Antarctica's paleoecosystems, and the corresponding paleoenvironments and climates that have shaped them, provides insight into present day ecosystem change, and importantly, helps constrain model projections of future change. Biological archives such as extant moss beds and peat profiles, biological proxies in lake and marine sediments, vertebrate animal colonies, and extant terrestrial and benthic marine invertebrates, complement other Antarctic paleoclimate archives by recording the nature and rate of past ecological change, the paleoenvironmental drivers of that change, and constrain current ecosystem and climate models. These archives provide invaluable information about terrestrial ice‐free areas, a key location for Antarctic biodiversity, and the continental margin which is important for understanding ice sheet dynamics. Recent significant advances in analytical techniques (e.g., genomics, biogeochemical analyses) have led to new applications and greater power in elucidating the environmental records contained within biological archives. Paleoecological and paleoclimate discoveries derived from biological archives, and integration with existing data from other paleoclimate data sources, will significantly expand our understanding of past, present, and future ecological change, alongside climate change, in a unique, globally significant region. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Southern Ocean Wiley Online Library Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Global Change Biology |
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Abstract Anthropogenic climate change is causing observable changes in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean including increased air and ocean temperatures, glacial melt leading to sea‐level rise and a reduction in salinity, and changes to freshwater water availability on land. These changes impact local Antarctic ecosystems and the Earth's climate system. The Antarctic has experienced significant past environmental change, including cycles of glaciation over the Quaternary Period (the past ~2.6 million years). Understanding Antarctica's paleoecosystems, and the corresponding paleoenvironments and climates that have shaped them, provides insight into present day ecosystem change, and importantly, helps constrain model projections of future change. Biological archives such as extant moss beds and peat profiles, biological proxies in lake and marine sediments, vertebrate animal colonies, and extant terrestrial and benthic marine invertebrates, complement other Antarctic paleoclimate archives by recording the nature and rate of past ecological change, the paleoenvironmental drivers of that change, and constrain current ecosystem and climate models. These archives provide invaluable information about terrestrial ice‐free areas, a key location for Antarctic biodiversity, and the continental margin which is important for understanding ice sheet dynamics. Recent significant advances in analytical techniques (e.g., genomics, biogeochemical analyses) have led to new applications and greater power in elucidating the environmental records contained within biological archives. Paleoecological and paleoclimate discoveries derived from biological archives, and integration with existing data from other paleoclimate data sources, will significantly expand our understanding of past, present, and future ecological change, alongside climate change, in a unique, globally significant region. |
author2 |
Australian Research Council |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Strugnell, Jan M. McGregor, Helen V. Wilson, Nerida G. Meredith, Karina T. Chown, Steven L. Lau, Sally C. Y. Robinson, Sharon A. Saunders, Krystyna M. |
spellingShingle |
Strugnell, Jan M. McGregor, Helen V. Wilson, Nerida G. Meredith, Karina T. Chown, Steven L. Lau, Sally C. Y. Robinson, Sharon A. Saunders, Krystyna M. Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica |
author_facet |
Strugnell, Jan M. McGregor, Helen V. Wilson, Nerida G. Meredith, Karina T. Chown, Steven L. Lau, Sally C. Y. Robinson, Sharon A. Saunders, Krystyna M. |
author_sort |
Strugnell, Jan M. |
title |
Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica |
title_short |
Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica |
title_full |
Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in Antarctica |
title_sort |
emerging biological archives can reveal ecological and climatic change in antarctica |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16356 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16356 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16356 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Global Change Biology volume 28, issue 22, page 6483-6508 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16356 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
_version_ |
1802651468519440384 |