Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity
Abstract Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) are exposed to increased environmental change and multiple human stressors. To anticipate future impacts of global change and to improve sustainable resource management, it is critical to understand how wild salmon populations respond to stressors associa...
Published in: | Global Change Biology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/gcb.16049 |
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crwiley:10.1111/gcb.16049 2024-09-15T18:28:01+00:00 Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity Ohlberger, Jan Ward, Eric J. Brenner, Richard E. Hunsicker, Mary E. Haught, Stormy B. Finnoff, David Litzow, Michael A. Schwoerer, Tobias Ruggerone, Gregory T. Hauri, Claudine National Science Foundation 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/gcb.16049 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Global Change Biology volume 28, issue 6, page 2026-2040 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16049 2024-07-09T04:10:25Z Abstract Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) are exposed to increased environmental change and multiple human stressors. To anticipate future impacts of global change and to improve sustainable resource management, it is critical to understand how wild salmon populations respond to stressors associated with human‐caused changes such as climate warming and ocean acidification, as well as competition in the ocean, which is intensified by the large‐scale production and release of hatchery reared salmon. Pink salmon ( O . gorbuscha ) are a keystone species in the North Pacific Ocean and support highly valuable commercial fisheries. We investigated the joint effects of changes in ocean conditions and salmon abundances on the productivity of wild pink salmon. Our analysis focused on Prince William Sound in Alaska, because the region accounts for ~50% of the global production of hatchery pink salmon with local hatcheries releasing 600–700 million pink salmon fry annually. Using 60 years of data on wild pink salmon abundances, hatchery releases, and ecological conditions in the ocean, we find evidence that hatchery pink salmon releases negatively affect wild pink salmon productivity, likely through competition between wild and hatchery juveniles in nearshore marine habitats. We find no evidence for effects of ocean acidification on pink salmon productivity. However, a change in the leading mode of North Pacific climate in 1988–1989 weakened the temperature–productivity relationship and altered the strength of intraspecific density dependence. Therefore, our results suggest non‐stationary (i.e., time varying) and interactive effects of ocean climate and competition on pink salmon productivity. Our findings further highlight the need for salmon management to consider potential adverse effects of large‐scale hatchery production within the context of ocean change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Pink salmon Alaska Wiley Online Library Global Change Biology 28 6 2026 2040 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) are exposed to increased environmental change and multiple human stressors. To anticipate future impacts of global change and to improve sustainable resource management, it is critical to understand how wild salmon populations respond to stressors associated with human‐caused changes such as climate warming and ocean acidification, as well as competition in the ocean, which is intensified by the large‐scale production and release of hatchery reared salmon. Pink salmon ( O . gorbuscha ) are a keystone species in the North Pacific Ocean and support highly valuable commercial fisheries. We investigated the joint effects of changes in ocean conditions and salmon abundances on the productivity of wild pink salmon. Our analysis focused on Prince William Sound in Alaska, because the region accounts for ~50% of the global production of hatchery pink salmon with local hatcheries releasing 600–700 million pink salmon fry annually. Using 60 years of data on wild pink salmon abundances, hatchery releases, and ecological conditions in the ocean, we find evidence that hatchery pink salmon releases negatively affect wild pink salmon productivity, likely through competition between wild and hatchery juveniles in nearshore marine habitats. We find no evidence for effects of ocean acidification on pink salmon productivity. However, a change in the leading mode of North Pacific climate in 1988–1989 weakened the temperature–productivity relationship and altered the strength of intraspecific density dependence. Therefore, our results suggest non‐stationary (i.e., time varying) and interactive effects of ocean climate and competition on pink salmon productivity. Our findings further highlight the need for salmon management to consider potential adverse effects of large‐scale hatchery production within the context of ocean change. |
author2 |
National Science Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ohlberger, Jan Ward, Eric J. Brenner, Richard E. Hunsicker, Mary E. Haught, Stormy B. Finnoff, David Litzow, Michael A. Schwoerer, Tobias Ruggerone, Gregory T. Hauri, Claudine |
spellingShingle |
Ohlberger, Jan Ward, Eric J. Brenner, Richard E. Hunsicker, Mary E. Haught, Stormy B. Finnoff, David Litzow, Michael A. Schwoerer, Tobias Ruggerone, Gregory T. Hauri, Claudine Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity |
author_facet |
Ohlberger, Jan Ward, Eric J. Brenner, Richard E. Hunsicker, Mary E. Haught, Stormy B. Finnoff, David Litzow, Michael A. Schwoerer, Tobias Ruggerone, Gregory T. Hauri, Claudine |
author_sort |
Ohlberger, Jan |
title |
Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity |
title_short |
Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity |
title_full |
Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity |
title_fullStr |
Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity |
title_sort |
non‐stationary and interactive effects of climate and competition on pink salmon productivity |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.16049 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/gcb.16049 |
genre |
Ocean acidification Pink salmon Alaska |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification Pink salmon Alaska |
op_source |
Global Change Biology volume 28, issue 6, page 2026-2040 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16049 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
28 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2026 |
op_container_end_page |
2040 |
_version_ |
1810469322711105536 |