Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw
Abstract Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non‐growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH 4 ) emissions in the non‐growing season, particularly in the shoulder seasons, account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH 4 emi...
Published in: | Global Change Biology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
id |
crwiley:10.1111/gcb.15421 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crwiley:10.1111/gcb.15421 2024-09-15T18:39:44+00:00 Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. U.S. Department of Energy 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/gcb.15421 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Global Change Biology volume 27, issue 2, page 376-387 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 2024-07-30T04:19:49Z Abstract Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non‐growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH 4 ) emissions in the non‐growing season, particularly in the shoulder seasons, account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH 4 emissions in spring and autumn shoulders are often underestimated by land models and measurements due to limited data availability and unknown mechanisms. This study investigates CH 4 emissions during spring thaw and autumn freeze using eddy covariance CH 4 measurements from three Arctic sites with multi‐year observations. We find that the shoulder seasons contribute to about a quarter (25.6 ± 2.3%, mean ± SD ) of annual total CH 4 emissions. Our study highlights the three to four times higher contribution of autumn freeze CH 4 emission to total annual emission than that of spring thaw. Autumn freeze exhibits significantly higher CH 4 flux (0.88 ± 0.03 mg m −2 hr −1 ) than spring thaw (0.48 ± 0.04 mg m −2 hr −1 ). The mean duration of autumn freeze (58.94 ± 26.39 days) is significantly longer than that of spring thaw (20.94 ± 7.79 days), which predominates the much higher cumulative CH 4 emission during autumn freeze (1,212.31 ± 280.39 mg m −2 year −1 ) than that during spring thaw (307.39 ± 46.11 mg m −2 year −1 ). Near‐surface soil temperatures cannot completely reflect the freeze–thaw processes in deeper soil layers and appears to have a hysteresis effect on CH 4 emissions from early spring thaw to late autumn freeze. Therefore, it is necessary to consider commonalities and differences in CH 4 emissions during spring thaw versus autumn freeze to accurately estimate CH 4 source from tundra ecosystems for evaluating carbon‐climate feedback in Arctic. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tundra Wiley Online Library Global Change Biology 27 2 376 387 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non‐growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH 4 ) emissions in the non‐growing season, particularly in the shoulder seasons, account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH 4 emissions in spring and autumn shoulders are often underestimated by land models and measurements due to limited data availability and unknown mechanisms. This study investigates CH 4 emissions during spring thaw and autumn freeze using eddy covariance CH 4 measurements from three Arctic sites with multi‐year observations. We find that the shoulder seasons contribute to about a quarter (25.6 ± 2.3%, mean ± SD ) of annual total CH 4 emissions. Our study highlights the three to four times higher contribution of autumn freeze CH 4 emission to total annual emission than that of spring thaw. Autumn freeze exhibits significantly higher CH 4 flux (0.88 ± 0.03 mg m −2 hr −1 ) than spring thaw (0.48 ± 0.04 mg m −2 hr −1 ). The mean duration of autumn freeze (58.94 ± 26.39 days) is significantly longer than that of spring thaw (20.94 ± 7.79 days), which predominates the much higher cumulative CH 4 emission during autumn freeze (1,212.31 ± 280.39 mg m −2 year −1 ) than that during spring thaw (307.39 ± 46.11 mg m −2 year −1 ). Near‐surface soil temperatures cannot completely reflect the freeze–thaw processes in deeper soil layers and appears to have a hysteresis effect on CH 4 emissions from early spring thaw to late autumn freeze. Therefore, it is necessary to consider commonalities and differences in CH 4 emissions during spring thaw versus autumn freeze to accurately estimate CH 4 source from tundra ecosystems for evaluating carbon‐climate feedback in Arctic. |
author2 |
U.S. Department of Energy |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. |
spellingShingle |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
author_facet |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. |
author_sort |
Bao, Tao |
title |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_short |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_full |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_fullStr |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_full_unstemmed |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_sort |
much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gcb.15421 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
genre |
Tundra |
genre_facet |
Tundra |
op_source |
Global Change Biology volume 27, issue 2, page 376-387 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
376 |
op_container_end_page |
387 |
_version_ |
1810484082110365696 |