The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment
Abstract A quantitative assessment of observed and projected environmental changes in the Southern Ocean ( SO ) with a potential impact on the marine ecosystem shows: (i) large proportions of the SO are and will be affected by one or more climate change processes; areas projected to be affected in t...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12794 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fgcb.12794 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.12794 |
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crwiley:10.1111/gcb.12794 2024-06-23T07:45:41+00:00 The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment Gutt, Julian Bertler, Nancy Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Buschmann, Alexander Comiso, Josefino Hosie, Graham Isla, Enrique Schloss, Irene R. Smith, Craig R. Tournadre, Jean Xavier, José C. AWI, HGF 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12794 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fgcb.12794 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.12794 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Global Change Biology volume 21, issue 4, page 1434-1453 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 journal-article 2015 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12794 2024-06-11T04:43:47Z Abstract A quantitative assessment of observed and projected environmental changes in the Southern Ocean ( SO ) with a potential impact on the marine ecosystem shows: (i) large proportions of the SO are and will be affected by one or more climate change processes; areas projected to be affected in the future are larger than areas that are already under environmental stress, (ii) areas affected by changes in sea‐ice in the past and likely in the future are much larger than areas affected by ocean warming. The smallest areas (<1% area of the SO ) are affected by glacier retreat and warming in the deeper euphotic layer. In the future, decrease in the sea‐ice is expected to be widespread. Changes in iceberg impact resulting from further collapse of ice‐shelves can potentially affect large parts of shelf and ephemerally in the off‐shore regions. However, aragonite undersaturation (acidification) might become one of the biggest problems for the Antarctic marine ecosystem by affecting almost the entire SO . Direct and indirect impacts of various environmental changes to the three major habitats, sea‐ice, pelagic and benthos and their biota are complex. The areas affected by environmental stressors range from 33% of the SO for a single stressor, 11% for two and 2% for three, to <1% for four and five overlapping factors. In the future, areas expected to be affected by 2 and 3 overlapping factors are equally large, including potential iceberg changes, and together cover almost 86% of the SO ecosystem. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean Wiley Online Library Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Global Change Biology 21 4 1434 1453 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract A quantitative assessment of observed and projected environmental changes in the Southern Ocean ( SO ) with a potential impact on the marine ecosystem shows: (i) large proportions of the SO are and will be affected by one or more climate change processes; areas projected to be affected in the future are larger than areas that are already under environmental stress, (ii) areas affected by changes in sea‐ice in the past and likely in the future are much larger than areas affected by ocean warming. The smallest areas (<1% area of the SO ) are affected by glacier retreat and warming in the deeper euphotic layer. In the future, decrease in the sea‐ice is expected to be widespread. Changes in iceberg impact resulting from further collapse of ice‐shelves can potentially affect large parts of shelf and ephemerally in the off‐shore regions. However, aragonite undersaturation (acidification) might become one of the biggest problems for the Antarctic marine ecosystem by affecting almost the entire SO . Direct and indirect impacts of various environmental changes to the three major habitats, sea‐ice, pelagic and benthos and their biota are complex. The areas affected by environmental stressors range from 33% of the SO for a single stressor, 11% for two and 2% for three, to <1% for four and five overlapping factors. In the future, areas expected to be affected by 2 and 3 overlapping factors are equally large, including potential iceberg changes, and together cover almost 86% of the SO ecosystem. |
author2 |
AWI, HGF |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gutt, Julian Bertler, Nancy Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Buschmann, Alexander Comiso, Josefino Hosie, Graham Isla, Enrique Schloss, Irene R. Smith, Craig R. Tournadre, Jean Xavier, José C. |
spellingShingle |
Gutt, Julian Bertler, Nancy Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Buschmann, Alexander Comiso, Josefino Hosie, Graham Isla, Enrique Schloss, Irene R. Smith, Craig R. Tournadre, Jean Xavier, José C. The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment |
author_facet |
Gutt, Julian Bertler, Nancy Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Buschmann, Alexander Comiso, Josefino Hosie, Graham Isla, Enrique Schloss, Irene R. Smith, Craig R. Tournadre, Jean Xavier, José C. |
author_sort |
Gutt, Julian |
title |
The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment |
title_short |
The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment |
title_full |
The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment |
title_fullStr |
The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Southern Ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment |
title_sort |
southern ocean ecosystem under multiple climate change stresses ‐ an integrated circumpolar assessment |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12794 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fgcb.12794 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.12794 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Global Change Biology volume 21, issue 4, page 1434-1453 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12794 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1434 |
op_container_end_page |
1453 |
_version_ |
1802641917034364928 |