Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears
Abstract Rapid climate changes are occurring in the A rctic, with substantial repercussions for arctic ecosystems. It is challenging to assess ecosystem changes in remote polar environments, but one successful approach has entailed monitoring the diets of upper trophic level consumers. Quantitative...
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crwiley:10.1111/gcb.12241 2024-09-30T14:29:54+00:00 Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears McKinney, Melissa A. Iverson, Sara J. Fisk, Aaron T. Sonne, Christian Rigét, Frank F. Letcher, Robert J. Arts, Michael T. Born, Erik W. Rosing‐Asvid, Aqqalu Dietz, Rune 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12241 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fgcb.12241 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.12241 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Global Change Biology volume 19, issue 8, page 2360-2372 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 journal-article 2013 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12241 2024-09-05T05:10:46Z Abstract Rapid climate changes are occurring in the A rctic, with substantial repercussions for arctic ecosystems. It is challenging to assess ecosystem changes in remote polar environments, but one successful approach has entailed monitoring the diets of upper trophic level consumers. Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis ( QFASA ) and fatty acid carbon isotope (δ 13 C‐ FA ) patterns were used to assess diets of E ast G reenland ( EG ) polar bears ( U rsus maritimus ) ( n = 310) over the past three decades. QFASA ‐generated diet estimates indicated that, on average, EG bears mainly consumed arctic ringed seals (47.5 ± 2.1%), migratory subarctic harp (30.6 ± 1.5%) and hooded (16.7 ± 1.3%) seals and rarely, if ever, consumed bearded seals, narwhals or walruses. Ringed seal consumption declined by 14%/decade over 28 years (90.1 ± 2.5% in 1984 to 33.9 ± 11.1% in 2011). Hooded seal consumption increased by 9.5%/decade (0.0 ± 0.0% in 1984 to 25.9 ± 9.1% in 2011). This increase may include harp seal, since hooded and harp seal FA signatures were not as well differentiated relative to other prey species. Declining δ 13 C‐ FA ratios supported shifts from more nearshore/benthic/ice‐associated prey to more offshore/pelagic/open‐water‐associated prey, consistent with diet estimates. Increased hooded seal and decreased ringed seal consumption occurred during years when the N orth A tlantic O scillation ( NAO ) was lower. Thus, periods with warmer temperatures and less sea ice were associated with more subarctic and less arctic seal species consumption. These changes in the relative abundance, accessibility, or distribution of arctic and subarctic marine mammals may have health consequences for EG polar bears. For example, the diet change resulted in consistently slower temporal declines in adipose levels of legacy persistent organic pollutants, as the subarctic seals have higher contaminant burdens than arctic seals. Overall, considerable changes are occurring in the EG marine ecosystem, with consequences for ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic East Greenland Greenland Harp Seal hooded seal narwhal* ringed seal Sea ice Subarctic walrus* Wiley Online Library Arctic Greenland Global Change Biology 19 8 2360 2372 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Rapid climate changes are occurring in the A rctic, with substantial repercussions for arctic ecosystems. It is challenging to assess ecosystem changes in remote polar environments, but one successful approach has entailed monitoring the diets of upper trophic level consumers. Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis ( QFASA ) and fatty acid carbon isotope (δ 13 C‐ FA ) patterns were used to assess diets of E ast G reenland ( EG ) polar bears ( U rsus maritimus ) ( n = 310) over the past three decades. QFASA ‐generated diet estimates indicated that, on average, EG bears mainly consumed arctic ringed seals (47.5 ± 2.1%), migratory subarctic harp (30.6 ± 1.5%) and hooded (16.7 ± 1.3%) seals and rarely, if ever, consumed bearded seals, narwhals or walruses. Ringed seal consumption declined by 14%/decade over 28 years (90.1 ± 2.5% in 1984 to 33.9 ± 11.1% in 2011). Hooded seal consumption increased by 9.5%/decade (0.0 ± 0.0% in 1984 to 25.9 ± 9.1% in 2011). This increase may include harp seal, since hooded and harp seal FA signatures were not as well differentiated relative to other prey species. Declining δ 13 C‐ FA ratios supported shifts from more nearshore/benthic/ice‐associated prey to more offshore/pelagic/open‐water‐associated prey, consistent with diet estimates. Increased hooded seal and decreased ringed seal consumption occurred during years when the N orth A tlantic O scillation ( NAO ) was lower. Thus, periods with warmer temperatures and less sea ice were associated with more subarctic and less arctic seal species consumption. These changes in the relative abundance, accessibility, or distribution of arctic and subarctic marine mammals may have health consequences for EG polar bears. For example, the diet change resulted in consistently slower temporal declines in adipose levels of legacy persistent organic pollutants, as the subarctic seals have higher contaminant burdens than arctic seals. Overall, considerable changes are occurring in the EG marine ecosystem, with consequences for ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McKinney, Melissa A. Iverson, Sara J. Fisk, Aaron T. Sonne, Christian Rigét, Frank F. Letcher, Robert J. Arts, Michael T. Born, Erik W. Rosing‐Asvid, Aqqalu Dietz, Rune |
spellingShingle |
McKinney, Melissa A. Iverson, Sara J. Fisk, Aaron T. Sonne, Christian Rigét, Frank F. Letcher, Robert J. Arts, Michael T. Born, Erik W. Rosing‐Asvid, Aqqalu Dietz, Rune Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears |
author_facet |
McKinney, Melissa A. Iverson, Sara J. Fisk, Aaron T. Sonne, Christian Rigét, Frank F. Letcher, Robert J. Arts, Michael T. Born, Erik W. Rosing‐Asvid, Aqqalu Dietz, Rune |
author_sort |
McKinney, Melissa A. |
title |
Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears |
title_short |
Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears |
title_full |
Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears |
title_fullStr |
Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of East Greenland polar bears |
title_sort |
global change effects on the long‐term feeding ecology and contaminant exposures of east greenland polar bears |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12241 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fgcb.12241 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.12241 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic East Greenland Greenland Harp Seal hooded seal narwhal* ringed seal Sea ice Subarctic walrus* |
genre_facet |
Arctic East Greenland Greenland Harp Seal hooded seal narwhal* ringed seal Sea ice Subarctic walrus* |
op_source |
Global Change Biology volume 19, issue 8, page 2360-2372 ISSN 1354-1013 1365-2486 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12241 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
2360 |
op_container_end_page |
2372 |
_version_ |
1811635066814595072 |