Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer
Abstract Anthropogenic reintroduction can supplement natural recolonization in reestablishing a species' distribution and abundance. However, both reintroductions and recolonizations can give rise to founder effects that reduce genetic diversity and increase inbreeding, potentially causing the...
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crwiley:10.1111/eva.13585 2024-06-02T08:01:53+00:00 Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer Burnett, Hamish A. Bieker, Vanessa C. Le Moullec, Mathilde Peeters, Bart Rosvold, Jørgen Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik Dalén, Love Loe, Leif Egil Jensen, Henrik Hansen, Brage B. Martin, Michael D. Norges Forskningsråd 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.13585 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/eva.13585 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Evolutionary Applications volume 16, issue 9, page 1531-1548 ISSN 1752-4571 1752-4571 journal-article 2023 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13585 2024-05-03T10:54:49Z Abstract Anthropogenic reintroduction can supplement natural recolonization in reestablishing a species' distribution and abundance. However, both reintroductions and recolonizations can give rise to founder effects that reduce genetic diversity and increase inbreeding, potentially causing the accumulation of genetic load and reduced fitness. Most current populations of the endemic high‐arctic Svalbard reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus ) originate from recent reintroductions or recolonizations following regional extirpations due to past overharvesting. We investigated and compared the genomic consequences of these two paths to reestablishment using whole‐genome shotgun sequencing of 100 Svalbard reindeer across their range. We found little admixture between reintroduced and natural populations. Two reintroduced populations, each founded by 12 individuals around four decades (i.e. 8 reindeer generations) ago, formed two distinct genetic clusters. Compared to the source population, these populations showed only small decreases in genome‐wide heterozygosity and increases in inbreeding and lengths of runs of homozygosity. In contrast, the two naturally recolonized populations without admixture possessed much lower heterozygosity, higher inbreeding and longer runs of homozygosity, possibly caused by serial population founder effects and/or fewer or more genetically related founders than in the reintroduction events. Naturally recolonized populations can thus be more vulnerable to the accumulation of genetic load than reintroduced populations. This suggests that in some organisms even small‐scale reintroduction programs based on genetically diverse source populations can be more effective than natural recolonization in establishing genetically diverse populations. These findings warrant particular attention in the conservation and management of populations and species threatened by habitat fragmentation and loss. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer Wiley Online Library Arctic Svalbard Evolutionary Applications 16 9 1531 1548 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Anthropogenic reintroduction can supplement natural recolonization in reestablishing a species' distribution and abundance. However, both reintroductions and recolonizations can give rise to founder effects that reduce genetic diversity and increase inbreeding, potentially causing the accumulation of genetic load and reduced fitness. Most current populations of the endemic high‐arctic Svalbard reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus ) originate from recent reintroductions or recolonizations following regional extirpations due to past overharvesting. We investigated and compared the genomic consequences of these two paths to reestablishment using whole‐genome shotgun sequencing of 100 Svalbard reindeer across their range. We found little admixture between reintroduced and natural populations. Two reintroduced populations, each founded by 12 individuals around four decades (i.e. 8 reindeer generations) ago, formed two distinct genetic clusters. Compared to the source population, these populations showed only small decreases in genome‐wide heterozygosity and increases in inbreeding and lengths of runs of homozygosity. In contrast, the two naturally recolonized populations without admixture possessed much lower heterozygosity, higher inbreeding and longer runs of homozygosity, possibly caused by serial population founder effects and/or fewer or more genetically related founders than in the reintroduction events. Naturally recolonized populations can thus be more vulnerable to the accumulation of genetic load than reintroduced populations. This suggests that in some organisms even small‐scale reintroduction programs based on genetically diverse source populations can be more effective than natural recolonization in establishing genetically diverse populations. These findings warrant particular attention in the conservation and management of populations and species threatened by habitat fragmentation and loss. |
author2 |
Norges Forskningsråd |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Burnett, Hamish A. Bieker, Vanessa C. Le Moullec, Mathilde Peeters, Bart Rosvold, Jørgen Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik Dalén, Love Loe, Leif Egil Jensen, Henrik Hansen, Brage B. Martin, Michael D. |
spellingShingle |
Burnett, Hamish A. Bieker, Vanessa C. Le Moullec, Mathilde Peeters, Bart Rosvold, Jørgen Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik Dalén, Love Loe, Leif Egil Jensen, Henrik Hansen, Brage B. Martin, Michael D. Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer |
author_facet |
Burnett, Hamish A. Bieker, Vanessa C. Le Moullec, Mathilde Peeters, Bart Rosvold, Jørgen Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik Dalén, Love Loe, Leif Egil Jensen, Henrik Hansen, Brage B. Martin, Michael D. |
author_sort |
Burnett, Hamish A. |
title |
Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer |
title_short |
Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer |
title_full |
Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer |
title_fullStr |
Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer |
title_sort |
contrasting genomic consequences of anthropogenic reintroduction and natural recolonization in high‐arctic wild reindeer |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.13585 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/eva.13585 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer |
genre_facet |
Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer |
op_source |
Evolutionary Applications volume 16, issue 9, page 1531-1548 ISSN 1752-4571 1752-4571 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13585 |
container_title |
Evolutionary Applications |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1531 |
op_container_end_page |
1548 |
_version_ |
1800746381295484928 |