Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest
1. Population dynamics and interactions that vary over a species' range are of particular importance in the context of latitudinal clines in biological diversity. Winter moth ( O perophtera brumata ) and autumnal moth ( E pirrita autumnata ) are two species of eruptive geometrids that vary wide...
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crwiley:10.1111/een.12400 2024-06-02T08:02:33+00:00 Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest PEPI, ADAM A. VINDSTAD, OLE PETTER L. EK, MALIN JEPSEN, JANE U. U.S. Department of State 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/een.12400 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Feen.12400 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/een.12400/fullpdf en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Ecological Entomology volume 42, issue 4, page 430-438 ISSN 0307-6946 1365-2311 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12400 2024-05-03T12:03:42Z 1. Population dynamics and interactions that vary over a species' range are of particular importance in the context of latitudinal clines in biological diversity. Winter moth ( O perophtera brumata ) and autumnal moth ( E pirrita autumnata ) are two species of eruptive geometrids that vary widely in outbreak tendency over their range, which generally increases from south to north and with elevation. 2. The predation pressure on geometrid larvae and pupae over an elevational gradient was tested. The effects of background larval density and bird occupancy of monitoring nest boxes on predation rates were also tested. Predation on larvae was tested through exclusion treatments at 20 replicate stations over four elevations at one site, while pupae were set out to measure predation at two elevations at three sites. 3. Larval densities were reduced by bird predation at three lower elevations, but not at the highest elevation, and predation rates were 1.9 times higher at the lowest elevation than at the highest elevation. The rate of predation on larvae was not related to background larval density or nest box occupancy, although there were more eggs and chicks at the lowest elevation. There were no consistent differences in predation on pupae by elevation. 4. These results suggest that elevational variation in avian predation pressure on larvae may help to drive elevational differences in outbreak tendency, and that birds may play a more important role in geometrid population dynamics than the focus on invertebrate and soil predators of previous work would suggest. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Wiley Online Library Arctic Ecological Entomology 42 4 430 438 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
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English |
description |
1. Population dynamics and interactions that vary over a species' range are of particular importance in the context of latitudinal clines in biological diversity. Winter moth ( O perophtera brumata ) and autumnal moth ( E pirrita autumnata ) are two species of eruptive geometrids that vary widely in outbreak tendency over their range, which generally increases from south to north and with elevation. 2. The predation pressure on geometrid larvae and pupae over an elevational gradient was tested. The effects of background larval density and bird occupancy of monitoring nest boxes on predation rates were also tested. Predation on larvae was tested through exclusion treatments at 20 replicate stations over four elevations at one site, while pupae were set out to measure predation at two elevations at three sites. 3. Larval densities were reduced by bird predation at three lower elevations, but not at the highest elevation, and predation rates were 1.9 times higher at the lowest elevation than at the highest elevation. The rate of predation on larvae was not related to background larval density or nest box occupancy, although there were more eggs and chicks at the lowest elevation. There were no consistent differences in predation on pupae by elevation. 4. These results suggest that elevational variation in avian predation pressure on larvae may help to drive elevational differences in outbreak tendency, and that birds may play a more important role in geometrid population dynamics than the focus on invertebrate and soil predators of previous work would suggest. |
author2 |
U.S. Department of State |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
PEPI, ADAM A. VINDSTAD, OLE PETTER L. EK, MALIN JEPSEN, JANE U. |
spellingShingle |
PEPI, ADAM A. VINDSTAD, OLE PETTER L. EK, MALIN JEPSEN, JANE U. Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest |
author_facet |
PEPI, ADAM A. VINDSTAD, OLE PETTER L. EK, MALIN JEPSEN, JANE U. |
author_sort |
PEPI, ADAM A. |
title |
Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest |
title_short |
Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest |
title_full |
Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest |
title_fullStr |
Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest |
title_full_unstemmed |
Elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest |
title_sort |
elevationally biased avian predation as a contributor to the spatial distribution of geometrid moth outbreaks in sub‐arctic mountain birch forest |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/een.12400 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Feen.12400 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/een.12400/fullpdf |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Ecological Entomology volume 42, issue 4, page 430-438 ISSN 0307-6946 1365-2311 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12400 |
container_title |
Ecological Entomology |
container_volume |
42 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
430 |
op_container_end_page |
438 |
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1800747030707961856 |