Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning
Abstract Marine spatial planning provides a comprehensive framework for managing multiple uses of the marine environment and has the potential to minimize environmental impacts and reduce conflicts among users. Spatially explicit assessments of the risks to key marine species from human activities a...
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crwiley:10.1111/cobi.12029 2024-09-15T17:57:19+00:00 Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning REDFERN, J. V. MCKENNA, M. F. MOORE, T. J. CALAMBOKIDIS, J. DEANGELIS, M. L. BECKER, E. A. BARLOW, J. FORNEY, K. A. FIEDLER, P. C. CHIVERS, S. J. 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12029 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fcobi.12029 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/cobi.12029/fullpdf en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Conservation Biology volume 27, issue 2, page 292-302 ISSN 0888-8892 1523-1739 journal-article 2013 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12029 2024-08-27T04:26:34Z Abstract Marine spatial planning provides a comprehensive framework for managing multiple uses of the marine environment and has the potential to minimize environmental impacts and reduce conflicts among users. Spatially explicit assessments of the risks to key marine species from human activities are a requirement of marine spatial planning. We assessed the risk of ships striking humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), blue (Balaenoptera musculus), and fin (Balaenoptera physalus) whales in alternative shipping routes derived from patterns of shipping traffic off Southern California (U.S.A.). Specifically, we developed whale‐habitat models and assumed ship‐strike risk for the alternative shipping routes was proportional to the number of whales predicted by the models to occur within each route. This definition of risk assumes all ships travel within a single route. We also calculated risk assuming ships travel via multiple routes. We estimated the potential for conflict between shipping and other uses (military training and fishing) due to overlap with the routes. We also estimated the overlap between shipping routes and protected areas. The route with the lowest risk for humpback whales had the highest risk for fin whales and vice versa. Risk to both species may be ameliorated by creating a new route south of the northern Channel Islands and spreading traffic between this new route and the existing route in the Santa Barbara Channel. Creating a longer route may reduce the overlap between shipping and other uses by concentrating shipping traffic. Blue whales are distributed more evenly across our study area than humpback and fin whales; thus, risk could not be ameliorated by concentrating shipping traffic in any of the routes we considered. Reducing ship‐strike risk for blue whales may be necessary because our estimate of the potential number of strikes suggests that they are likely to exceed allowable levels of anthropogenic impacts established under U.S. laws. Evaluación del Riesgo de Colisiones de Barcos y ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus Megaptera novaeangliae Wiley Online Library Conservation Biology 27 2 292 302 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Marine spatial planning provides a comprehensive framework for managing multiple uses of the marine environment and has the potential to minimize environmental impacts and reduce conflicts among users. Spatially explicit assessments of the risks to key marine species from human activities are a requirement of marine spatial planning. We assessed the risk of ships striking humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), blue (Balaenoptera musculus), and fin (Balaenoptera physalus) whales in alternative shipping routes derived from patterns of shipping traffic off Southern California (U.S.A.). Specifically, we developed whale‐habitat models and assumed ship‐strike risk for the alternative shipping routes was proportional to the number of whales predicted by the models to occur within each route. This definition of risk assumes all ships travel within a single route. We also calculated risk assuming ships travel via multiple routes. We estimated the potential for conflict between shipping and other uses (military training and fishing) due to overlap with the routes. We also estimated the overlap between shipping routes and protected areas. The route with the lowest risk for humpback whales had the highest risk for fin whales and vice versa. Risk to both species may be ameliorated by creating a new route south of the northern Channel Islands and spreading traffic between this new route and the existing route in the Santa Barbara Channel. Creating a longer route may reduce the overlap between shipping and other uses by concentrating shipping traffic. Blue whales are distributed more evenly across our study area than humpback and fin whales; thus, risk could not be ameliorated by concentrating shipping traffic in any of the routes we considered. Reducing ship‐strike risk for blue whales may be necessary because our estimate of the potential number of strikes suggests that they are likely to exceed allowable levels of anthropogenic impacts established under U.S. laws. Evaluación del Riesgo de Colisiones de Barcos y ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
REDFERN, J. V. MCKENNA, M. F. MOORE, T. J. CALAMBOKIDIS, J. DEANGELIS, M. L. BECKER, E. A. BARLOW, J. FORNEY, K. A. FIEDLER, P. C. CHIVERS, S. J. |
spellingShingle |
REDFERN, J. V. MCKENNA, M. F. MOORE, T. J. CALAMBOKIDIS, J. DEANGELIS, M. L. BECKER, E. A. BARLOW, J. FORNEY, K. A. FIEDLER, P. C. CHIVERS, S. J. Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning |
author_facet |
REDFERN, J. V. MCKENNA, M. F. MOORE, T. J. CALAMBOKIDIS, J. DEANGELIS, M. L. BECKER, E. A. BARLOW, J. FORNEY, K. A. FIEDLER, P. C. CHIVERS, S. J. |
author_sort |
REDFERN, J. V. |
title |
Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning |
title_short |
Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning |
title_full |
Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning |
title_fullStr |
Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial Planning |
title_sort |
assessing the risk of ships striking large whales in marine spatial planning |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12029 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fcobi.12029 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/cobi.12029/fullpdf |
genre |
Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus Megaptera novaeangliae |
genre_facet |
Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus Megaptera novaeangliae |
op_source |
Conservation Biology volume 27, issue 2, page 292-302 ISSN 0888-8892 1523-1739 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12029 |
container_title |
Conservation Biology |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
292 |
op_container_end_page |
302 |
_version_ |
1810433467751596032 |