Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway
Abstract Fault‐controlled mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite depositional systems exhibit distinct sensitivity to tectonic and eustatic controls that are expressed in the sedimentary architecture. In the Upper Carboniferous Billefjorden Trough (Svalbard, Norway), up to 2,000 m of a warm and ari...
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crwiley:10.1111/bre.12578 2024-09-15T17:59:53+00:00 Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway Smyrak‐Sikora, Aleksandra Nicolaisen, Jakob B. Braathen, Alvar Johannessen, Erik P. Olaussen, Snorre Stemmerik, Lars 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12578 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/bre.12578 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/bre.12578 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Basin Research volume 33, issue 5, page 2643-2674 ISSN 0950-091X 1365-2117 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12578 2024-08-27T04:28:52Z Abstract Fault‐controlled mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite depositional systems exhibit distinct sensitivity to tectonic and eustatic controls that are expressed in the sedimentary architecture. In the Upper Carboniferous Billefjorden Trough (Svalbard, Norway), up to 2,000 m of a warm and arid climate syn‐rift basin fill comprises such depositional systems, documented in this study with traditional field techniques supported by helicopter‐ and ground‐based LIDAR models. The basin evolved from siliciclastics‐dominated red beds and paralic units that filled a symmetrical basin, to a rift climax half‐graben with alluvial fans entering the basin along relay ramps of the master fault zone (Billefjorden fault zone). Faults located in the hanging wall dip‐slope prevented the progradation of coarser material to the eastern part of the basin. Later, structural reorganisation in the dipslope led to the cessation of easternmost faults with deformation focusing along one major lineament (Løvehovden fault zone) antithetic to the master fault zone. The basin subsidence became more symmetrical, with main central depocentre and shallower platforms near the basin flanks. Footwall anticlines from faults displacement gradients were sensitive to periodical exposure and recorded dissolution breccias and footwall synclines preserved evaporites coupled with shallow marine siliciclastic deposits. Concurrently, thick gypsum/anhydrite deposits in the basin centre reflect glacio‐eustatic lowstands, whereas evenly thick carbonate deposition characterises highstands. While most analysis of syn‐rift basin fill is based on siliciclastics deposits, we here demonstrate the complexity of tectonism versus eustatic sea level changes in a mixed carbonate‐evaporite syn‐rift deposits. Tectonic influence is ascribed to the deposition of alluvial fans that prograded from the master fault towards the basin centre. On the dipslope glacio‐eustatic signals outperformed tectonic influence on deposition. Sea level lowstands promoted deposition of red ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Billefjorden Svalbard Wiley Online Library Basin Research |
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Abstract Fault‐controlled mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite depositional systems exhibit distinct sensitivity to tectonic and eustatic controls that are expressed in the sedimentary architecture. In the Upper Carboniferous Billefjorden Trough (Svalbard, Norway), up to 2,000 m of a warm and arid climate syn‐rift basin fill comprises such depositional systems, documented in this study with traditional field techniques supported by helicopter‐ and ground‐based LIDAR models. The basin evolved from siliciclastics‐dominated red beds and paralic units that filled a symmetrical basin, to a rift climax half‐graben with alluvial fans entering the basin along relay ramps of the master fault zone (Billefjorden fault zone). Faults located in the hanging wall dip‐slope prevented the progradation of coarser material to the eastern part of the basin. Later, structural reorganisation in the dipslope led to the cessation of easternmost faults with deformation focusing along one major lineament (Løvehovden fault zone) antithetic to the master fault zone. The basin subsidence became more symmetrical, with main central depocentre and shallower platforms near the basin flanks. Footwall anticlines from faults displacement gradients were sensitive to periodical exposure and recorded dissolution breccias and footwall synclines preserved evaporites coupled with shallow marine siliciclastic deposits. Concurrently, thick gypsum/anhydrite deposits in the basin centre reflect glacio‐eustatic lowstands, whereas evenly thick carbonate deposition characterises highstands. While most analysis of syn‐rift basin fill is based on siliciclastics deposits, we here demonstrate the complexity of tectonism versus eustatic sea level changes in a mixed carbonate‐evaporite syn‐rift deposits. Tectonic influence is ascribed to the deposition of alluvial fans that prograded from the master fault towards the basin centre. On the dipslope glacio‐eustatic signals outperformed tectonic influence on deposition. Sea level lowstands promoted deposition of red ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Smyrak‐Sikora, Aleksandra Nicolaisen, Jakob B. Braathen, Alvar Johannessen, Erik P. Olaussen, Snorre Stemmerik, Lars |
spellingShingle |
Smyrak‐Sikora, Aleksandra Nicolaisen, Jakob B. Braathen, Alvar Johannessen, Erik P. Olaussen, Snorre Stemmerik, Lars Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway |
author_facet |
Smyrak‐Sikora, Aleksandra Nicolaisen, Jakob B. Braathen, Alvar Johannessen, Erik P. Olaussen, Snorre Stemmerik, Lars |
author_sort |
Smyrak‐Sikora, Aleksandra |
title |
Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway |
title_short |
Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway |
title_full |
Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway |
title_fullStr |
Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—Billefjorden Trough, Svalbard, Norway |
title_sort |
impact of growth faults on mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate‐evaporite deposits during rift climax and reorganisation—billefjorden trough, svalbard, norway |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12578 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/bre.12578 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/bre.12578 |
genre |
Billefjorden Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Billefjorden Svalbard |
op_source |
Basin Research volume 33, issue 5, page 2643-2674 ISSN 0950-091X 1365-2117 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12578 |
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Basin Research |
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1810437005673234432 |