Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic
Abstract Questions Terrestrial vegetation is assumed to be highly vulnerable to climate change in the Arctic, which has experienced the highest rates of temperature increase globally over the past decades. However, long‐term studies at the community scale are rare, particularly for the European High...
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crwiley:10.1111/avsc.12280 2024-06-02T08:01:00+00:00 Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic Kapfer, Jutta Grytnes, John‐Arvid Hédl, Radim Norges Forskningsråd Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12280 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Favsc.12280 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/avsc.12280 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Applied Vegetation Science volume 20, issue 2, page 204-214 ISSN 1402-2001 1654-109X journal-article 2016 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12280 2024-05-03T10:39:19Z Abstract Questions Terrestrial vegetation is assumed to be highly vulnerable to climate change in the Arctic, which has experienced the highest rates of temperature increase globally over the past decades. However, long‐term studies at the community scale are rare, particularly for the European High Arctic. We ask: (1) has Arctic vegetation changed over the past century; (2) can observed changes be related to recent climate change; and (3) do observed changes in vegetation prevail for specific species or species functional groups? Location The Svalbard Archipelago, High Arctic Norway. Methods In 2009 we resurveyed three plant sociological studies up to 85 yrs after the first surveys. Vegetation data were recorded from 1‐m 2 non‐permanently marked plots, and soil pH was measured. We applied restricted permutation tests to evaluate whether observed changes in vegetation (species richness, occurrence frequency, coverage) and in soil pH were significant and independent of plant community type. We compared species co‐occurrences over time to study changes in species composition and to identify the species most likely causing these changes. Results Total number of species and average number of species per plot has not changed, and are 75 and nine, respectively. Occurrence frequency changed significantly for 34% of the 64 species tested (11 species increased, 11 decreased). Species cover decreased significantly for 27% of the species and increased for one species. Observed changes in frequency and cover are not significantly related to species’ functional groups or species affiliated to moist or dry habitats. Polygonum viviparum , Saxifraga cernua and Alopecurus borealis have changed most in co‐occurring with other species. Soil pH increased significantly from 6.4 to 6.8. Conclusions Our results suggest that the strong climatic warming in the High Arctic over the past decades has contributed to significant changes in the vegetation studied on Svalbard over the past 85 yrs. Internal community restructuring and the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Polygonum viviparum Saxifraga cernua Svalbard Wiley Online Library Arctic Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Norway Applied Vegetation Science 20 2 204 214 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
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English |
description |
Abstract Questions Terrestrial vegetation is assumed to be highly vulnerable to climate change in the Arctic, which has experienced the highest rates of temperature increase globally over the past decades. However, long‐term studies at the community scale are rare, particularly for the European High Arctic. We ask: (1) has Arctic vegetation changed over the past century; (2) can observed changes be related to recent climate change; and (3) do observed changes in vegetation prevail for specific species or species functional groups? Location The Svalbard Archipelago, High Arctic Norway. Methods In 2009 we resurveyed three plant sociological studies up to 85 yrs after the first surveys. Vegetation data were recorded from 1‐m 2 non‐permanently marked plots, and soil pH was measured. We applied restricted permutation tests to evaluate whether observed changes in vegetation (species richness, occurrence frequency, coverage) and in soil pH were significant and independent of plant community type. We compared species co‐occurrences over time to study changes in species composition and to identify the species most likely causing these changes. Results Total number of species and average number of species per plot has not changed, and are 75 and nine, respectively. Occurrence frequency changed significantly for 34% of the 64 species tested (11 species increased, 11 decreased). Species cover decreased significantly for 27% of the species and increased for one species. Observed changes in frequency and cover are not significantly related to species’ functional groups or species affiliated to moist or dry habitats. Polygonum viviparum , Saxifraga cernua and Alopecurus borealis have changed most in co‐occurring with other species. Soil pH increased significantly from 6.4 to 6.8. Conclusions Our results suggest that the strong climatic warming in the High Arctic over the past decades has contributed to significant changes in the vegetation studied on Svalbard over the past 85 yrs. Internal community restructuring and the ... |
author2 |
Hédl, Radim Norges Forskningsråd Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kapfer, Jutta Grytnes, John‐Arvid |
spellingShingle |
Kapfer, Jutta Grytnes, John‐Arvid Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic |
author_facet |
Kapfer, Jutta Grytnes, John‐Arvid |
author_sort |
Kapfer, Jutta |
title |
Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic |
title_short |
Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic |
title_full |
Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Large climate change, large effect? Vegetation changes over the past century in the European High Arctic |
title_sort |
large climate change, large effect? vegetation changes over the past century in the european high arctic |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12280 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Favsc.12280 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/avsc.12280 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Norway |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Polygonum viviparum Saxifraga cernua Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Polygonum viviparum Saxifraga cernua Svalbard |
op_source |
Applied Vegetation Science volume 20, issue 2, page 204-214 ISSN 1402-2001 1654-109X |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12280 |
container_title |
Applied Vegetation Science |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
204 |
op_container_end_page |
214 |
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1800745237629370368 |