Retinal oxygen saturation and vessel diameter in patients with chronic kidney disease

• Published in: Acta Ophthalmologica
• Main Authors: Liu, Ruibao, Jian, Wenyuan, Zhao, Ying, Lu, Xuejing, Wu, Yanxia, Duan, Junguo
• Other Authors: National Natural Science Foundation of China
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2020
• Subjects: Iceland
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aos.14398; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Faos.14398; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/aos.14398; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/aos.14398

Abstract Purpose To investigate changes in retinal oximetry and the diameter of retinal vasculature in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and relationships between retinal vasculature and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), provide a scientific basis for the early detection and diagnosis of CKD. Methods Eighty‐three patients with CKD and 103 healthy individuals were included after providing informed consent. All participants were examined using a noninvasive technology (Oxymap Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland) for measuring the arterial (SaO 2 ) and venous (SvO 2 ) oxygen saturation and the arteriovenous difference in oxygen saturation (Sa‐vO 2 ). The corresponding retinal vessel diameters of these arterioles (D‐A) and venules (D‐V) were measured. The eGFR of patients with CKD was calculated from the serum creatinine concentration. Results In general, patients with CKD had higher mean SaO 2 values than healthy individuals (100.15 ± 4.68% versus 97.14 ± 4.22%; p < 0.001, mean ± SD). The mean SaO 2 in the superior temporal, superior nasal and inferior nasal quadrants significantly increased. There was no significant difference measured in the SvO 2 when patients with CKD (63.66 ± 5.29%) and healthy individuals (62.70 ± 5.27%) were compared. The mean Sa‐vO 2 of the CKD group (36.49 ± 4.98%) was increased compared with normal subjects (34.44 ± 4.76%) (p = 0.005). The retinal arteriole diameter was narrower in patients with CKD than in normal individuals (117.53 ± 14.88 μm versus 126.87 ± 14.98 μm; p < 0.001, mean ± SD), and the arteriovenous ratio was smaller than in normal individuals (0.71 ± 0.09 versus 0.77 ± 0.09; p < 0.001, mean ± SD). Pearson’s two‐tailed correlation showed a significant correlation between the SaO 2 and eGFR ( R = −0.363, p = 0.001), and narrower retinal arterial calibre was significantly associated with a lower eGFR ( R = 0.415, p < 0.001). Conclusion Based on our results, there were alterations in retinal oxygen saturation and vascular diameter in patients with CKD. ...