An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins
Abstract The lumbosacral‐canal system in birds most likely operates as a sense organ involved in the control of balanced walking and perching, but our knowledge of it is superficial. Penguins constitute interesting objects for the study of this system due to their upright walking, but only the Humbo...
Published in: | Integrative Zoology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 |
id |
crwiley:10.1111/1749-4877.12689 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crwiley:10.1111/1749-4877.12689 2024-06-23T07:44:58+00:00 An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins JADWISZCZAK, Piotr SVENSSON‐MARCIAL, Anders MÖRS, Thomas 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Integrative Zoology volume 18, issue 2, page 237-253 ISSN 1749-4877 1749-4877 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 2024-06-13T04:24:14Z Abstract The lumbosacral‐canal system in birds most likely operates as a sense organ involved in the control of balanced walking and perching, but our knowledge of it is superficial. Penguins constitute interesting objects for the study of this system due to their upright walking, but only the Humboldt penguin, Spheniscus humboldti , and some incomplete fossil penguin synsacra have been studied in this respect. Here, we give an integrative comparative insight into the synsacral canal of extant Emperor penguin, Aptenodytes forsteri , Adelie penguin, Pygoscelis adeliae , and Eocene giant Anthropornis and/or Palaeeudyptes Antarctic penguins, using computed tomography imaging and associated data‐extraction methodologies, complemented by analytical approaches ranging from geometric morphometrics to modularity, curvature, and wavelet analyses. We document that the variability in the number of synsacro‐lumbar vertebrae is evolutionarily conserved, and all studied synsacra possess osteological correlates of the lumbosacral‐canal system. We also found that Eocene and extant Antarctic penguins were separable on the basis of the main direction of the shape‐related (size‐independent) variability within said system, and A. forsteri was unique in the entire studied set in terms of the relative cranial shift of this compound structure. Moreover, we suggest that the evolutionary processes, shaping both the terrestrial posture and gait, were responsible, in extant penguins, for the increased simplicity and stability of the synsacral canal cross‐sectional periodic patterns, as well as pave the way for the lumbosacral‐canal system modularity characterized by reduced atomization/complexity. Article in Journal/Newspaper Adelie penguin Antarc* Antarctic Aptenodytes forsteri Pygoscelis adeliae Wiley Online Library Antarctic Integrative Zoology 18 2 237 253 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The lumbosacral‐canal system in birds most likely operates as a sense organ involved in the control of balanced walking and perching, but our knowledge of it is superficial. Penguins constitute interesting objects for the study of this system due to their upright walking, but only the Humboldt penguin, Spheniscus humboldti , and some incomplete fossil penguin synsacra have been studied in this respect. Here, we give an integrative comparative insight into the synsacral canal of extant Emperor penguin, Aptenodytes forsteri , Adelie penguin, Pygoscelis adeliae , and Eocene giant Anthropornis and/or Palaeeudyptes Antarctic penguins, using computed tomography imaging and associated data‐extraction methodologies, complemented by analytical approaches ranging from geometric morphometrics to modularity, curvature, and wavelet analyses. We document that the variability in the number of synsacro‐lumbar vertebrae is evolutionarily conserved, and all studied synsacra possess osteological correlates of the lumbosacral‐canal system. We also found that Eocene and extant Antarctic penguins were separable on the basis of the main direction of the shape‐related (size‐independent) variability within said system, and A. forsteri was unique in the entire studied set in terms of the relative cranial shift of this compound structure. Moreover, we suggest that the evolutionary processes, shaping both the terrestrial posture and gait, were responsible, in extant penguins, for the increased simplicity and stability of the synsacral canal cross‐sectional periodic patterns, as well as pave the way for the lumbosacral‐canal system modularity characterized by reduced atomization/complexity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
JADWISZCZAK, Piotr SVENSSON‐MARCIAL, Anders MÖRS, Thomas |
spellingShingle |
JADWISZCZAK, Piotr SVENSSON‐MARCIAL, Anders MÖRS, Thomas An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins |
author_facet |
JADWISZCZAK, Piotr SVENSSON‐MARCIAL, Anders MÖRS, Thomas |
author_sort |
JADWISZCZAK, Piotr |
title |
An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins |
title_short |
An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins |
title_full |
An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins |
title_fullStr |
An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins |
title_full_unstemmed |
An integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant Antarctic penguins |
title_sort |
integrative insight into the synsacral canal of fossil and extant antarctic penguins |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Adelie penguin Antarc* Antarctic Aptenodytes forsteri Pygoscelis adeliae |
genre_facet |
Adelie penguin Antarc* Antarctic Aptenodytes forsteri Pygoscelis adeliae |
op_source |
Integrative Zoology volume 18, issue 2, page 237-253 ISSN 1749-4877 1749-4877 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12689 |
container_title |
Integrative Zoology |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
237 |
op_container_end_page |
253 |
_version_ |
1802642567481786368 |