Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall
Abstract Picocyanobacteria contribute greatly to offshore primary production with cells extending through the deep euphotic zone. Literature indicates high viral infection of cyanobacteria in ocean transition zones. We postulate that the bottom of the euphotic zone is a transition zone, where commun...
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16525 |
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crwiley:10.1111/1462-2920.16525 2024-06-02T08:11:14+00:00 Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall Fuchsman, Clara A. Hays, Matthew D. 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16525 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Environmental Microbiology volume 25, issue 12, page 3349-3363 ISSN 1462-2912 1462-2920 journal-article 2023 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16525 2024-05-03T11:43:35Z Abstract Picocyanobacteria contribute greatly to offshore primary production with cells extending through the deep euphotic zone. Literature indicates high viral infection of cyanobacteria in ocean transition zones. We postulate that the bottom of the euphotic zone is a transition zone, where communities transition from phototrophic to aphotic processes. We use single‐copy core genes to examine cyanophage to cyanobacteria ratios in cellular metagenomes in the subtropical North Atlantic and Pacific. Cyanophage to cyanobacteria terL/rpoB ratios generally increase to >10 in the deep euphotic zone. As light levels decrease in the fall, Prochlorococcus in the deep euphotic zone experience reduced light levels. We find clear differences between spring (Geotraces GA02) and fall (GA03) in the North Atlantic, with terL/rpoB ratios increasing to >40 in the fall. When examining 23 months of the North Pacific Hawaii Ocean Timeseries, the depth of elevated cyanophage to cyanobacteria ratios in cellular metagenomes negatively correlated with surface photosynthetic radiation (PAR), particularly with the change in PAR, which reflected the season. In fall, all picocyanobacteria ecotypes were found at depths enriched with viruses, while in summer, only low light ecotypes were affected. Thus, we find high cyanophage infection both in the deep euphotic zone and during seasonal transitions. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Wiley Online Library Pacific Environmental Microbiology |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract Picocyanobacteria contribute greatly to offshore primary production with cells extending through the deep euphotic zone. Literature indicates high viral infection of cyanobacteria in ocean transition zones. We postulate that the bottom of the euphotic zone is a transition zone, where communities transition from phototrophic to aphotic processes. We use single‐copy core genes to examine cyanophage to cyanobacteria ratios in cellular metagenomes in the subtropical North Atlantic and Pacific. Cyanophage to cyanobacteria terL/rpoB ratios generally increase to >10 in the deep euphotic zone. As light levels decrease in the fall, Prochlorococcus in the deep euphotic zone experience reduced light levels. We find clear differences between spring (Geotraces GA02) and fall (GA03) in the North Atlantic, with terL/rpoB ratios increasing to >40 in the fall. When examining 23 months of the North Pacific Hawaii Ocean Timeseries, the depth of elevated cyanophage to cyanobacteria ratios in cellular metagenomes negatively correlated with surface photosynthetic radiation (PAR), particularly with the change in PAR, which reflected the season. In fall, all picocyanobacteria ecotypes were found at depths enriched with viruses, while in summer, only low light ecotypes were affected. Thus, we find high cyanophage infection both in the deep euphotic zone and during seasonal transitions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fuchsman, Clara A. Hays, Matthew D. |
spellingShingle |
Fuchsman, Clara A. Hays, Matthew D. Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall |
author_facet |
Fuchsman, Clara A. Hays, Matthew D. |
author_sort |
Fuchsman, Clara A. |
title |
Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall |
title_short |
Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall |
title_full |
Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall |
title_fullStr |
Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall |
title_sort |
increased cyanophage infection at the bottom of the euphotic zone, especially in the fall |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16525 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Environmental Microbiology volume 25, issue 12, page 3349-3363 ISSN 1462-2912 1462-2920 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16525 |
container_title |
Environmental Microbiology |
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1800757303084843008 |