Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland
Abstract It is of prime importance to understand feedbacks due to the release of carbon (C) stored in permafrost soils (permafrost‐climate feedback) and direct impacts of climatic variations on permafrost dynamics therefore received considerable attention. However, indirect effects of global change,...
Published in: | Journal of Ecology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 |
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crwiley:10.1111/1365-2745.14037 2024-06-02T07:54:31+00:00 Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland Deschamps, Lucas Maire, Vincent Chen, Lin Fortier, Daniel Gauthier, Gilles Morneault, Amélie Hardy‐Lachance, Elisabeth Dalcher‐Gosselin, Isabelle Tanguay, François Gignac, Charles McKenzie, Jeffrey M. Rochefort, Line Lévesque, Esther ArcticNet Natural Resources Canada Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Polar Knowledge Canada 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Ecology volume 111, issue 2, page 449-463 ISSN 0022-0477 1365-2745 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 2024-05-03T11:12:06Z Abstract It is of prime importance to understand feedbacks due to the release of carbon (C) stored in permafrost soils (permafrost‐climate feedback) and direct impacts of climatic variations on permafrost dynamics therefore received considerable attention. However, indirect effects of global change, such as the variation in soil nutrient availability and grazing pressure, can alter soil and surface properties of the Arctic tundra, with the potential to modify soil heat transfers toward the permafrost and impact resilience of Arctic ecosystems. We determined the potential of nutrient availability and grazing to alter soil energy balance using a 16‐year split‐plot experiment crossing fertilization at different doses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) with protection from goose grazing. Moss biomass and some determinants of the surface energy budget (leaf area index (LAI), dead vascular plant biomass and albedo) were quantified and active layer thaw depth repeatedly measured during three growing seasons. We measured soil physical properties and thermal conductivity and used a physical model to link topsoil organic accumulation processes to heat transfer. Fertilization increased LAI and albedo, whereas grazing decreased dead vascular plant biomass and albedo. Fertilization increased organic accumulation at the top of the soil leading to drier and more porous topsoil, whereas grazing increased water content of topsoil. As a result, topsoil thermal conductivity was higher in grazed plots than in ungrazed ones. Including these properties into a simulation model, we showed that, after 16 years, nutrient addition tended to shallow the active layer whereas grazing deepened mean July active layer by 3.3 cm relative to ungrazed subplots. As a result of OM accumulation at the surface, fertilization increased permafrost vertical aggradation rate by almost an order of magnitude (up to 5 mm year −1 instead of 0.7 mm year −1 ), whereas grazing slowed down permafrost aggradation by reducing surface uprising and deepening thaw ... Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic permafrost Tundra Wiley Online Library Arctic Journal of Ecology 111 2 449 463 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract It is of prime importance to understand feedbacks due to the release of carbon (C) stored in permafrost soils (permafrost‐climate feedback) and direct impacts of climatic variations on permafrost dynamics therefore received considerable attention. However, indirect effects of global change, such as the variation in soil nutrient availability and grazing pressure, can alter soil and surface properties of the Arctic tundra, with the potential to modify soil heat transfers toward the permafrost and impact resilience of Arctic ecosystems. We determined the potential of nutrient availability and grazing to alter soil energy balance using a 16‐year split‐plot experiment crossing fertilization at different doses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) with protection from goose grazing. Moss biomass and some determinants of the surface energy budget (leaf area index (LAI), dead vascular plant biomass and albedo) were quantified and active layer thaw depth repeatedly measured during three growing seasons. We measured soil physical properties and thermal conductivity and used a physical model to link topsoil organic accumulation processes to heat transfer. Fertilization increased LAI and albedo, whereas grazing decreased dead vascular plant biomass and albedo. Fertilization increased organic accumulation at the top of the soil leading to drier and more porous topsoil, whereas grazing increased water content of topsoil. As a result, topsoil thermal conductivity was higher in grazed plots than in ungrazed ones. Including these properties into a simulation model, we showed that, after 16 years, nutrient addition tended to shallow the active layer whereas grazing deepened mean July active layer by 3.3 cm relative to ungrazed subplots. As a result of OM accumulation at the surface, fertilization increased permafrost vertical aggradation rate by almost an order of magnitude (up to 5 mm year −1 instead of 0.7 mm year −1 ), whereas grazing slowed down permafrost aggradation by reducing surface uprising and deepening thaw ... |
author2 |
ArcticNet Natural Resources Canada Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Polar Knowledge Canada |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Deschamps, Lucas Maire, Vincent Chen, Lin Fortier, Daniel Gauthier, Gilles Morneault, Amélie Hardy‐Lachance, Elisabeth Dalcher‐Gosselin, Isabelle Tanguay, François Gignac, Charles McKenzie, Jeffrey M. Rochefort, Line Lévesque, Esther |
spellingShingle |
Deschamps, Lucas Maire, Vincent Chen, Lin Fortier, Daniel Gauthier, Gilles Morneault, Amélie Hardy‐Lachance, Elisabeth Dalcher‐Gosselin, Isabelle Tanguay, François Gignac, Charles McKenzie, Jeffrey M. Rochefort, Line Lévesque, Esther Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland |
author_facet |
Deschamps, Lucas Maire, Vincent Chen, Lin Fortier, Daniel Gauthier, Gilles Morneault, Amélie Hardy‐Lachance, Elisabeth Dalcher‐Gosselin, Isabelle Tanguay, François Gignac, Charles McKenzie, Jeffrey M. Rochefort, Line Lévesque, Esther |
author_sort |
Deschamps, Lucas |
title |
Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland |
title_short |
Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland |
title_full |
Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland |
title_fullStr |
Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a Canadian High Arctic wetland |
title_sort |
increased nutrient availability speeds up permafrost development, while goose grazing slows it down in a canadian high arctic wetland |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
albedo Arctic permafrost Tundra |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic permafrost Tundra |
op_source |
Journal of Ecology volume 111, issue 2, page 449-463 ISSN 0022-0477 1365-2745 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14037 |
container_title |
Journal of Ecology |
container_volume |
111 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
449 |
op_container_end_page |
463 |
_version_ |
1800740772863016960 |