Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland
Abstract Observational and experimental studies have generally shown that warming is associated with greater growth and abundance of deciduous shrubs in arctic ecosystems. It is uncertain, however, if this trend will persist in the future. Our study examined growth responses of deciduous shrubs to c...
Published in: | Journal of Ecology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2017
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2F1365-2745.12882 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 |
id |
crwiley:10.1111/1365-2745.12882 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crwiley:10.1111/1365-2745.12882 2024-09-15T17:59:52+00:00 Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland Gamm, Cassandra M. Sullivan, Patrick F. Buchwal, Agata Dial, Roman J. Young, Amanda B. Watts, David A. Cahoon, Sean M. P. Welker, Jeffrey M. Post, Eric Cornelissen, Hans Division of Polar Programs Division of Environmental Biology 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2F1365-2745.12882 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Ecology volume 106, issue 2, page 640-654 ISSN 0022-0477 1365-2745 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 2024-08-06T04:20:41Z Abstract Observational and experimental studies have generally shown that warming is associated with greater growth and abundance of deciduous shrubs in arctic ecosystems. It is uncertain, however, if this trend will persist in the future. Our study examined growth responses of deciduous shrubs to climate change over the late 20th and early 21st centuries near Kangerlussuaq in western Greenland. We combined shrub dendrochronology, stable isotope analysis and weekly measurements of leaf gas exchange to examine the drivers of secondary growth in two widespread and dominant deciduous shrub species: Salix glauca and Betula nana . Betula showed a dramatic growth decline beginning in the early 1990s, when correlations between growing season air temperature and growth shifted from neutral to strongly negative. Salix also showed a growth decline, but it began slightly later and was more pronounced among older stems. May–August mean air temperature of c . 7°C appeared to be an important threshold. Carbon isotope discrimination (∆ 13 C) in α‐cellulose of Salix growth rings declined strongly during the period of reduced growth, suggesting drought‐induced stomatal closure as a possible cause. Leaf gas exchange of Salix was also highly sensitive to seasonal variation in moisture availability. Betula growth declined more dramatically than Salix, but leaf gas exchange was less sensitive to moisture availability and there was less evidence of a ∆ 13 C trend. We hypothesize that the dramatic Betula growth decline might reflect the combined effects of increasing moisture limitation, repeated defoliation during recent moth outbreaks and greater browsing by a growing muskoxen population. Synthesis . Our findings contrast with widespread observations of increasing shrub growth in the Arctic and instead point to a potential decline in the flux of carbon into a pool with a long mean residence time (wood). While our study area is warmer and drier than much of the Arctic, our results may serve as an early indicator of potential effects ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Betula nana Climate change Greenland Kangerlussuaq Wiley Online Library Journal of Ecology 106 2 640 654 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Observational and experimental studies have generally shown that warming is associated with greater growth and abundance of deciduous shrubs in arctic ecosystems. It is uncertain, however, if this trend will persist in the future. Our study examined growth responses of deciduous shrubs to climate change over the late 20th and early 21st centuries near Kangerlussuaq in western Greenland. We combined shrub dendrochronology, stable isotope analysis and weekly measurements of leaf gas exchange to examine the drivers of secondary growth in two widespread and dominant deciduous shrub species: Salix glauca and Betula nana . Betula showed a dramatic growth decline beginning in the early 1990s, when correlations between growing season air temperature and growth shifted from neutral to strongly negative. Salix also showed a growth decline, but it began slightly later and was more pronounced among older stems. May–August mean air temperature of c . 7°C appeared to be an important threshold. Carbon isotope discrimination (∆ 13 C) in α‐cellulose of Salix growth rings declined strongly during the period of reduced growth, suggesting drought‐induced stomatal closure as a possible cause. Leaf gas exchange of Salix was also highly sensitive to seasonal variation in moisture availability. Betula growth declined more dramatically than Salix, but leaf gas exchange was less sensitive to moisture availability and there was less evidence of a ∆ 13 C trend. We hypothesize that the dramatic Betula growth decline might reflect the combined effects of increasing moisture limitation, repeated defoliation during recent moth outbreaks and greater browsing by a growing muskoxen population. Synthesis . Our findings contrast with widespread observations of increasing shrub growth in the Arctic and instead point to a potential decline in the flux of carbon into a pool with a long mean residence time (wood). While our study area is warmer and drier than much of the Arctic, our results may serve as an early indicator of potential effects ... |
author2 |
Cornelissen, Hans Division of Polar Programs Division of Environmental Biology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gamm, Cassandra M. Sullivan, Patrick F. Buchwal, Agata Dial, Roman J. Young, Amanda B. Watts, David A. Cahoon, Sean M. P. Welker, Jeffrey M. Post, Eric |
spellingShingle |
Gamm, Cassandra M. Sullivan, Patrick F. Buchwal, Agata Dial, Roman J. Young, Amanda B. Watts, David A. Cahoon, Sean M. P. Welker, Jeffrey M. Post, Eric Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland |
author_facet |
Gamm, Cassandra M. Sullivan, Patrick F. Buchwal, Agata Dial, Roman J. Young, Amanda B. Watts, David A. Cahoon, Sean M. P. Welker, Jeffrey M. Post, Eric |
author_sort |
Gamm, Cassandra M. |
title |
Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland |
title_short |
Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland |
title_full |
Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland |
title_fullStr |
Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland |
title_sort |
declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western greenland |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2F1365-2745.12882 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 |
genre |
Betula nana Climate change Greenland Kangerlussuaq |
genre_facet |
Betula nana Climate change Greenland Kangerlussuaq |
op_source |
Journal of Ecology volume 106, issue 2, page 640-654 ISSN 0022-0477 1365-2745 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12882 |
container_title |
Journal of Ecology |
container_volume |
106 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
640 |
op_container_end_page |
654 |
_version_ |
1810436990805475328 |