An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities
Abstract Many pathogens can infect several host species, which complicates the management of wildlife diseases. Even for generalist pathogens, hosts are not equally competent, and variable niche overlap between hosts leads to different exposure levels within hosts when compared with that between hos...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 |
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crwiley:10.1111/1365-2664.14441 2024-06-02T07:54:40+00:00 An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities Mysterud, Atle Miljødirektoratet Miljødirektoratet 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Journal of Applied Ecology volume 60, issue 8, page 1545-1550 ISSN 0021-8901 1365-2664 journal-article 2023 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 2024-05-03T10:39:05Z Abstract Many pathogens can infect several host species, which complicates the management of wildlife diseases. Even for generalist pathogens, hosts are not equally competent, and variable niche overlap between hosts leads to different exposure levels within hosts when compared with that between hosts. Hence, the processes determining spillover risk and the subsequent transmission dynamics within and between species differ. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a contagious prion disease of the cervids detected across expanded geographic ranges over the last few decades. Multihost management has become topical with CWD detection among reindeer Rangifer tarandus in Europe, with an immediate spillover risk to sympatric species. Here, I argue for the use of a community epidemiological framework that distinguishes between‐ and within‐host dynamics arising from host competence and exposure processes. In CWD, host competence is mainly determined by how variants of the prion protein gene ( PRNP ) affect susceptibility. The exposure level is not only linked to the density of infected and susceptible hosts both within and between species but also to the spatiotemporal niche overlap between species and social organization within species. Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus and white‐tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus are highly susceptible and expected to show true multihost dynamics; however, mule deer have a higher CWD prevalence in sympatric areas, indicating only partially linked dynamics. Moose Alces alces are highly susceptible, but cases of CWD‐infected moose are few and appear to be spillover events with subsequent epidemic die outs. Elk Cervus canadensis have less susceptible PRNP variants and low levels of prion shedding in lymphoid tissues, indicating lower contagiousness. CWD prevalence in elk is lower and appears to result from spillover and subsequent within‐species emergence, which is partially independent of sympatric deer. Synthesis and applications . Stronger awareness of the different expected CWD dynamics within ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Rangifer tarandus Wiley Online Library Journal of Applied Ecology 60 8 1545 1550 |
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Abstract Many pathogens can infect several host species, which complicates the management of wildlife diseases. Even for generalist pathogens, hosts are not equally competent, and variable niche overlap between hosts leads to different exposure levels within hosts when compared with that between hosts. Hence, the processes determining spillover risk and the subsequent transmission dynamics within and between species differ. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a contagious prion disease of the cervids detected across expanded geographic ranges over the last few decades. Multihost management has become topical with CWD detection among reindeer Rangifer tarandus in Europe, with an immediate spillover risk to sympatric species. Here, I argue for the use of a community epidemiological framework that distinguishes between‐ and within‐host dynamics arising from host competence and exposure processes. In CWD, host competence is mainly determined by how variants of the prion protein gene ( PRNP ) affect susceptibility. The exposure level is not only linked to the density of infected and susceptible hosts both within and between species but also to the spatiotemporal niche overlap between species and social organization within species. Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus and white‐tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus are highly susceptible and expected to show true multihost dynamics; however, mule deer have a higher CWD prevalence in sympatric areas, indicating only partially linked dynamics. Moose Alces alces are highly susceptible, but cases of CWD‐infected moose are few and appear to be spillover events with subsequent epidemic die outs. Elk Cervus canadensis have less susceptible PRNP variants and low levels of prion shedding in lymphoid tissues, indicating lower contagiousness. CWD prevalence in elk is lower and appears to result from spillover and subsequent within‐species emergence, which is partially independent of sympatric deer. Synthesis and applications . Stronger awareness of the different expected CWD dynamics within ... |
author2 |
Miljødirektoratet Miljødirektoratet |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mysterud, Atle |
spellingShingle |
Mysterud, Atle An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities |
author_facet |
Mysterud, Atle |
author_sort |
Mysterud, Atle |
title |
An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities |
title_short |
An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities |
title_full |
An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities |
title_fullStr |
An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
An epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities |
title_sort |
epidemiological framework for chronic wasting disease in multihost communities |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 |
genre |
Alces alces Rangifer tarandus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Rangifer tarandus |
op_source |
Journal of Applied Ecology volume 60, issue 8, page 1545-1550 ISSN 0021-8901 1365-2664 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14441 |
container_title |
Journal of Applied Ecology |
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60 |
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8 |
container_start_page |
1545 |
op_container_end_page |
1550 |
_version_ |
1800742641305911296 |