The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts
Summary Supplementation of nutrients by symbionts enables consumers to thrive on resources that might otherwise be insufficient to meet nutritional demands. Such nutritional subsidies by intracellular symbionts have been well studied; however, supplementation of de novo synthesized nutrients to host...
Published in: | Journal of Animal Ecology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2016
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2F1365-2656.12563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 |
id |
crwiley:10.1111/1365-2656.12563 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crwiley:10.1111/1365-2656.12563 2024-09-09T19:22:40+00:00 The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts Larsen, Thomas Ventura, Marc Maraldo, Kristine Triadó‐Margarit, Xavier Casamayor, Emilio O. Wang, Yiming V. Andersen, Nils O'Brien, Diane M. Behmer, Spencer Teknologi og Produktion, Det Frie Forskningsråd Carlsbergfondet National Science Foundation California Department of Fish and Game California Department of Fish and Game 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2F1365-2656.12563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Animal Ecology volume 85, issue 5, page 1275-1285 ISSN 0021-8790 1365-2656 journal-article 2016 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 2024-08-06T04:14:43Z Summary Supplementation of nutrients by symbionts enables consumers to thrive on resources that might otherwise be insufficient to meet nutritional demands. Such nutritional subsidies by intracellular symbionts have been well studied; however, supplementation of de novo synthesized nutrients to hosts by extracellular gut symbionts is poorly documented, especially for generalists with relatively undifferentiated intestinal tracts. Although gut symbionts facilitate degradation of resources that would otherwise remain inaccessible to the host, such digestive actions alone cannot make up for dietary insufficiencies of macronutrients such as essential amino acids ( EAA ). Documenting whether gut symbionts also function as partners for symbiotic EAA supplementation is important because the question of how some detritivores are able to subsist on nutritionally insufficient diets has remained unresolved. To answer this poorly understood nutritional aspect of symbiont–host interactions, we studied the enchytraeid worm, a bulk soil feeder that thrives in Arctic peatlands. In a combined field and laboratory study, we employed stable isotope fingerprinting of amino acids to identify the biosynthetic origins of amino acids to bacteria, fungi and plants in enchytraeids. Enchytraeids collected from Arctic peatlands derived more than 80% of their EAA from bacteria. In a controlled feeding study with the enchytraeid Enchytraeus crypticus, EAA derived almost exclusively from gut bacteria when the worms fed on higher fibre diets, whereas most of the enchytraeids’ EAA derived from dietary sources when fed on lower fibre diets. Our gene sequencing results of gut microbiota showed that the worms harbour several taxa in their gut lumen absent from their diets and substrates. Almost all gut taxa are candidates for EAA supplementation because almost all belong to clades capable of biosynthesizing EAA . Our study provides the first evidence of extensive symbiotic supplementation of EAA by microbial gut symbionts and demonstrates that ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Wiley Online Library Arctic Journal of Animal Ecology 85 5 1275 1285 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Summary Supplementation of nutrients by symbionts enables consumers to thrive on resources that might otherwise be insufficient to meet nutritional demands. Such nutritional subsidies by intracellular symbionts have been well studied; however, supplementation of de novo synthesized nutrients to hosts by extracellular gut symbionts is poorly documented, especially for generalists with relatively undifferentiated intestinal tracts. Although gut symbionts facilitate degradation of resources that would otherwise remain inaccessible to the host, such digestive actions alone cannot make up for dietary insufficiencies of macronutrients such as essential amino acids ( EAA ). Documenting whether gut symbionts also function as partners for symbiotic EAA supplementation is important because the question of how some detritivores are able to subsist on nutritionally insufficient diets has remained unresolved. To answer this poorly understood nutritional aspect of symbiont–host interactions, we studied the enchytraeid worm, a bulk soil feeder that thrives in Arctic peatlands. In a combined field and laboratory study, we employed stable isotope fingerprinting of amino acids to identify the biosynthetic origins of amino acids to bacteria, fungi and plants in enchytraeids. Enchytraeids collected from Arctic peatlands derived more than 80% of their EAA from bacteria. In a controlled feeding study with the enchytraeid Enchytraeus crypticus, EAA derived almost exclusively from gut bacteria when the worms fed on higher fibre diets, whereas most of the enchytraeids’ EAA derived from dietary sources when fed on lower fibre diets. Our gene sequencing results of gut microbiota showed that the worms harbour several taxa in their gut lumen absent from their diets and substrates. Almost all gut taxa are candidates for EAA supplementation because almost all belong to clades capable of biosynthesizing EAA . Our study provides the first evidence of extensive symbiotic supplementation of EAA by microbial gut symbionts and demonstrates that ... |
author2 |
Behmer, Spencer Teknologi og Produktion, Det Frie Forskningsråd Carlsbergfondet National Science Foundation California Department of Fish and Game California Department of Fish and Game |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Larsen, Thomas Ventura, Marc Maraldo, Kristine Triadó‐Margarit, Xavier Casamayor, Emilio O. Wang, Yiming V. Andersen, Nils O'Brien, Diane M. |
spellingShingle |
Larsen, Thomas Ventura, Marc Maraldo, Kristine Triadó‐Margarit, Xavier Casamayor, Emilio O. Wang, Yiming V. Andersen, Nils O'Brien, Diane M. The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts |
author_facet |
Larsen, Thomas Ventura, Marc Maraldo, Kristine Triadó‐Margarit, Xavier Casamayor, Emilio O. Wang, Yiming V. Andersen, Nils O'Brien, Diane M. |
author_sort |
Larsen, Thomas |
title |
The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts |
title_short |
The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts |
title_full |
The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts |
title_fullStr |
The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts |
title_full_unstemmed |
The dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in Arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts |
title_sort |
dominant detritus‐feeding invertebrate in arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2F1365-2656.12563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Animal Ecology volume 85, issue 5, page 1275-1285 ISSN 0021-8790 1365-2656 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12563 |
container_title |
Journal of Animal Ecology |
container_volume |
85 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1275 |
op_container_end_page |
1285 |
_version_ |
1809762955206590464 |