Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears
Abstract Heat dissipation limit theory posits that energy available for growth and reproduction in endotherms is limited by their ability to dissipate heat. In mammals, endogenous heat production increases markedly during gestation and lactation, and thus female mammals may be subject to greater the...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 |
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crwiley:10.1111/1365-2435.13727 2024-06-23T07:57:22+00:00 Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears Rogers, Savannah A. Robbins, Charles T. Mathewson, Paul D. Carnahan, Anthony M. van Manen, Frank T. Haroldson, Mark A. Porter, Warren P. Rogers, Taylor R. Soule, Terence Long, Ryan A. Levesque, Danielle 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Functional Ecology volume 35, issue 2, page 398-410 ISSN 0269-8463 1365-2435 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 2024-06-04T06:44:13Z Abstract Heat dissipation limit theory posits that energy available for growth and reproduction in endotherms is limited by their ability to dissipate heat. In mammals, endogenous heat production increases markedly during gestation and lactation, and thus female mammals may be subject to greater thermal constraints on energy expenditure than males. Such constraints likely have important implications for behaviour and population performance in a warming climate. We used a mechanistic simulation model based on the first principles of heat and mass transfer to study thermal constraints on activity (both timing and intensity) of captive female grizzly bears Ursus arctos in current and future climate scenarios. We then quantified the relative importance of regulatory behaviours for maintaining heat balance using GPS telemetry locations of lactating versus non‐lactating female bears from Yellowstone National Park, and assessed the degree to which costs of thermoregulation constrained the distribution of sampled bears in space and time. Lactating female bears benefitted considerably more from behavioural cooling mechanisms (e.g. partial submersion in cool water or bedding on cool substrate) than non‐lactating females in our simulations; the availability of water for thermoregulation increased the number of hours during which lactating females could be active by up to 60% under current climatic conditions and by up to 43% in the future climate scenario. Moreover, even in the future climate scenario, lactating bears were able to achieve heat balance 24 hr/day by thermoregulating behaviourally when water was available to facilitate cooling. The most important predictor of female grizzly bear distribution in Yellowstone, regardless of reproductive status, was elevation. However, variables associated with the thermal environment were relatively more important for predicting the distribution of lactating than non‐lactating female bears. Our results suggest that the costs of heat dissipation, which are modulated by climate, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Wiley Online Library Functional Ecology 35 2 398 410 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Heat dissipation limit theory posits that energy available for growth and reproduction in endotherms is limited by their ability to dissipate heat. In mammals, endogenous heat production increases markedly during gestation and lactation, and thus female mammals may be subject to greater thermal constraints on energy expenditure than males. Such constraints likely have important implications for behaviour and population performance in a warming climate. We used a mechanistic simulation model based on the first principles of heat and mass transfer to study thermal constraints on activity (both timing and intensity) of captive female grizzly bears Ursus arctos in current and future climate scenarios. We then quantified the relative importance of regulatory behaviours for maintaining heat balance using GPS telemetry locations of lactating versus non‐lactating female bears from Yellowstone National Park, and assessed the degree to which costs of thermoregulation constrained the distribution of sampled bears in space and time. Lactating female bears benefitted considerably more from behavioural cooling mechanisms (e.g. partial submersion in cool water or bedding on cool substrate) than non‐lactating females in our simulations; the availability of water for thermoregulation increased the number of hours during which lactating females could be active by up to 60% under current climatic conditions and by up to 43% in the future climate scenario. Moreover, even in the future climate scenario, lactating bears were able to achieve heat balance 24 hr/day by thermoregulating behaviourally when water was available to facilitate cooling. The most important predictor of female grizzly bear distribution in Yellowstone, regardless of reproductive status, was elevation. However, variables associated with the thermal environment were relatively more important for predicting the distribution of lactating than non‐lactating female bears. Our results suggest that the costs of heat dissipation, which are modulated by climate, ... |
author2 |
Levesque, Danielle |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rogers, Savannah A. Robbins, Charles T. Mathewson, Paul D. Carnahan, Anthony M. van Manen, Frank T. Haroldson, Mark A. Porter, Warren P. Rogers, Taylor R. Soule, Terence Long, Ryan A. |
spellingShingle |
Rogers, Savannah A. Robbins, Charles T. Mathewson, Paul D. Carnahan, Anthony M. van Manen, Frank T. Haroldson, Mark A. Porter, Warren P. Rogers, Taylor R. Soule, Terence Long, Ryan A. Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears |
author_facet |
Rogers, Savannah A. Robbins, Charles T. Mathewson, Paul D. Carnahan, Anthony M. van Manen, Frank T. Haroldson, Mark A. Porter, Warren P. Rogers, Taylor R. Soule, Terence Long, Ryan A. |
author_sort |
Rogers, Savannah A. |
title |
Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears |
title_short |
Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears |
title_full |
Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears |
title_fullStr |
Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears |
title_sort |
thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Functional Ecology volume 35, issue 2, page 398-410 ISSN 0269-8463 1365-2435 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13727 |
container_title |
Functional Ecology |
container_volume |
35 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
398 |
op_container_end_page |
410 |
_version_ |
1802650975934087168 |