Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild

Abstract In light of global climate change, there is a pressing need to understand and predict the capacity of populations to respond to rising temperatures. Metabolic rate is a key trait that is likely to influence the ability to cope with climate change. Yet, empirical and theoretical work on meta...

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Published in:Functional Ecology
Main Authors: Pilakouta, Natalie, Killen, Shaun S., Kristjánsson, Bjarni K., Skúlason, Skúli, Lindström, Jan, Metcalfe, Neil B., Parsons, Kevin J.
Other Authors: White, Craig, Natural Environment Research Council, H2020 European Research Council
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13538
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spelling crwiley:10.1111/1365-2435.13538 2024-06-02T08:09:25+00:00 Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild Pilakouta, Natalie Killen, Shaun S. Kristjánsson, Bjarni K. Skúlason, Skúli Lindström, Jan Metcalfe, Neil B. Parsons, Kevin J. White, Craig Natural Environment Research Council H2020 European Research Council 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13538 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2F1365-2435.13538 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13538 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/1365-2435.13538 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13538 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Functional Ecology volume 34, issue 6, page 1205-1214 ISSN 0269-8463 1365-2435 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13538 2024-05-03T11:56:09Z Abstract In light of global climate change, there is a pressing need to understand and predict the capacity of populations to respond to rising temperatures. Metabolic rate is a key trait that is likely to influence the ability to cope with climate change. Yet, empirical and theoretical work on metabolic rate responses to temperature changes has so far produced mixed results and conflicting predictions. Our study addresses this issue using a novel approach of comparing fish populations in geothermally warmed lakes and adjacent ambient‐temperature lakes in Iceland. This unique ‘natural experiment’ provides repeated and independent examples of populations experiencing contrasting thermal environments for many generations over a small geographic scale, thereby avoiding the confounding factors associated with latitudinal or elevational comparisons. Using Icelandic sticklebacks from three warm and three cold habitats, we measured individual metabolic rates across a range of acclimation temperatures to obtain reaction norms for each population. We found a general pattern for a lower standard metabolic rate (SMR) in sticklebacks from warm habitats when measured at a common temperature, as predicted by Krogh's rule. Metabolic rate differences between warm‐ and cold‐habitat sticklebacks were more pronounced at more extreme acclimation temperatures, suggesting the release of cryptic genetic variation upon exposure to novel conditions, which can reveal hidden evolutionary potential. We also found a stronger divergence in metabolic rate between thermal habitats in allopatry than sympatry, indicating that gene flow may constrain physiological adaptation when dispersal between warm and cold habitats is possible. In sum, our study suggests that fish may diverge toward a lower SMR in a warming world, but this might depend on connectivity and gene flow between different thermal habitats. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Wiley Online Library Functional Ecology 34 6 1205 1214
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description Abstract In light of global climate change, there is a pressing need to understand and predict the capacity of populations to respond to rising temperatures. Metabolic rate is a key trait that is likely to influence the ability to cope with climate change. Yet, empirical and theoretical work on metabolic rate responses to temperature changes has so far produced mixed results and conflicting predictions. Our study addresses this issue using a novel approach of comparing fish populations in geothermally warmed lakes and adjacent ambient‐temperature lakes in Iceland. This unique ‘natural experiment’ provides repeated and independent examples of populations experiencing contrasting thermal environments for many generations over a small geographic scale, thereby avoiding the confounding factors associated with latitudinal or elevational comparisons. Using Icelandic sticklebacks from three warm and three cold habitats, we measured individual metabolic rates across a range of acclimation temperatures to obtain reaction norms for each population. We found a general pattern for a lower standard metabolic rate (SMR) in sticklebacks from warm habitats when measured at a common temperature, as predicted by Krogh's rule. Metabolic rate differences between warm‐ and cold‐habitat sticklebacks were more pronounced at more extreme acclimation temperatures, suggesting the release of cryptic genetic variation upon exposure to novel conditions, which can reveal hidden evolutionary potential. We also found a stronger divergence in metabolic rate between thermal habitats in allopatry than sympatry, indicating that gene flow may constrain physiological adaptation when dispersal between warm and cold habitats is possible. In sum, our study suggests that fish may diverge toward a lower SMR in a warming world, but this might depend on connectivity and gene flow between different thermal habitats. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
author2 White, Craig
Natural Environment Research Council
H2020 European Research Council
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Pilakouta, Natalie
Killen, Shaun S.
Kristjánsson, Bjarni K.
Skúlason, Skúli
Lindström, Jan
Metcalfe, Neil B.
Parsons, Kevin J.
spellingShingle Pilakouta, Natalie
Killen, Shaun S.
Kristjánsson, Bjarni K.
Skúlason, Skúli
Lindström, Jan
Metcalfe, Neil B.
Parsons, Kevin J.
Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild
author_facet Pilakouta, Natalie
Killen, Shaun S.
Kristjánsson, Bjarni K.
Skúlason, Skúli
Lindström, Jan
Metcalfe, Neil B.
Parsons, Kevin J.
author_sort Pilakouta, Natalie
title Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild
title_short Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild
title_full Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild
title_fullStr Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild
title_full_unstemmed Multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild
title_sort multigenerational exposure to elevated temperatures leads to a reduction in standard metabolic rate in the wild
publisher Wiley
publishDate 2020
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13538
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volume 34, issue 6, page 1205-1214
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