A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species
Counter to the typical idea that carbon monoxide (CO) is strictly toxic, low doses of CO 1) are naturally produced in the body through the regular turnover of heme in heme‐proteins (e.g. hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin), and 2) can elicit cytoprotective effects (e.g. anti‐inflammation, anti‐apoptosis)...
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crwiley:10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.719.16 2024-06-02T08:04:16+00:00 A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species Tift, Michael Scott Jordan, Peter Lueker, Timothy Cabrales, Pedro Simonson, Tatum Heinrich, Erica Villafuerte, Francisco Meir, Jessica Crocker, Daniel E Moore, Bradley St. Leger, Judy Ponganis, Paul J 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.719.16 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor The FASEB Journal volume 31, issue S1 ISSN 0892-6638 1530-6860 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.719.16 2024-05-03T10:53:15Z Counter to the typical idea that carbon monoxide (CO) is strictly toxic, low doses of CO 1) are naturally produced in the body through the regular turnover of heme in heme‐proteins (e.g. hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin), and 2) can elicit cytoprotective effects (e.g. anti‐inflammation, anti‐apoptosis). We hypothesized species with high Hb stores would have increased potential for elevated endogenous CO production. To address this, we measured levels of endogenous CO in the blood and end‐tidal breath samples of four species of marine mammals (beluga whales (n = 5), bottlenose dolphins (n = 7), elephant seals (n = 8) and killer whales (n = 9)) with a wide range of heme‐protein stores. In addition, we measured end‐tidal CO in non‐smokers from the Peruvian highlands who typically exhibit elevated Hb at high altitude (n = 48) as well as sea‐level residents (n = 18). Between the humans and marine mammals sampled in this study, there was a low Hb and low‐hypoxia group (i.e. low‐altitude humans, bottlenose dolphins and killer whales) and high‐Hb and chronic hypoxia group (i.e. high‐altitude humans, beluga whales and elephant seals). CO was measured in end‐tidal breath samples from all groups, and also in the blood from marine mammals to obtain carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) measurements. Here we show that Peruvian natives at high‐altitude exhibited significantly higher mean end‐tidal CO compared to their low‐altitude counterparts (4.8 ± 0.4 ppm vs 1.9 ± 0.7 ppm, respectively). The marine mammal species with high Hb concentrations (beluga whales and elephant seals) contained significantly higher CO in blood (1.8 ± 0.06 and 9.7 ± 1.9% COHb) and breath (7.4 ± 2.6 and 21.6 ± 2.6 ppm, respectively) than the other species which had almost undetectable levels. However, the elephant seals were unique in that they contained significantly higher mean blood and breath CO than all other groups (9.7% carboxyhemoglobin and 21.6ppm, respectively), which resembles values seen in chronic cigarette smokers (>6% carboxyhemoglobin, and >10 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Beluga Beluga* Elephant Seals Wiley Online Library The FASEB Journal 31 S1 |
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English |
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Counter to the typical idea that carbon monoxide (CO) is strictly toxic, low doses of CO 1) are naturally produced in the body through the regular turnover of heme in heme‐proteins (e.g. hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin), and 2) can elicit cytoprotective effects (e.g. anti‐inflammation, anti‐apoptosis). We hypothesized species with high Hb stores would have increased potential for elevated endogenous CO production. To address this, we measured levels of endogenous CO in the blood and end‐tidal breath samples of four species of marine mammals (beluga whales (n = 5), bottlenose dolphins (n = 7), elephant seals (n = 8) and killer whales (n = 9)) with a wide range of heme‐protein stores. In addition, we measured end‐tidal CO in non‐smokers from the Peruvian highlands who typically exhibit elevated Hb at high altitude (n = 48) as well as sea‐level residents (n = 18). Between the humans and marine mammals sampled in this study, there was a low Hb and low‐hypoxia group (i.e. low‐altitude humans, bottlenose dolphins and killer whales) and high‐Hb and chronic hypoxia group (i.e. high‐altitude humans, beluga whales and elephant seals). CO was measured in end‐tidal breath samples from all groups, and also in the blood from marine mammals to obtain carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) measurements. Here we show that Peruvian natives at high‐altitude exhibited significantly higher mean end‐tidal CO compared to their low‐altitude counterparts (4.8 ± 0.4 ppm vs 1.9 ± 0.7 ppm, respectively). The marine mammal species with high Hb concentrations (beluga whales and elephant seals) contained significantly higher CO in blood (1.8 ± 0.06 and 9.7 ± 1.9% COHb) and breath (7.4 ± 2.6 and 21.6 ± 2.6 ppm, respectively) than the other species which had almost undetectable levels. However, the elephant seals were unique in that they contained significantly higher mean blood and breath CO than all other groups (9.7% carboxyhemoglobin and 21.6ppm, respectively), which resembles values seen in chronic cigarette smokers (>6% carboxyhemoglobin, and >10 ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tift, Michael Scott Jordan, Peter Lueker, Timothy Cabrales, Pedro Simonson, Tatum Heinrich, Erica Villafuerte, Francisco Meir, Jessica Crocker, Daniel E Moore, Bradley St. Leger, Judy Ponganis, Paul J |
spellingShingle |
Tift, Michael Scott Jordan, Peter Lueker, Timothy Cabrales, Pedro Simonson, Tatum Heinrich, Erica Villafuerte, Francisco Meir, Jessica Crocker, Daniel E Moore, Bradley St. Leger, Judy Ponganis, Paul J A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species |
author_facet |
Tift, Michael Scott Jordan, Peter Lueker, Timothy Cabrales, Pedro Simonson, Tatum Heinrich, Erica Villafuerte, Francisco Meir, Jessica Crocker, Daniel E Moore, Bradley St. Leger, Judy Ponganis, Paul J |
author_sort |
Tift, Michael Scott |
title |
A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species |
title_short |
A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species |
title_full |
A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species |
title_fullStr |
A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Paradigm Shift: Benefits of Carbon Monoxide (CO) in Hypoxia‐Adapted Species |
title_sort |
paradigm shift: benefits of carbon monoxide (co) in hypoxia‐adapted species |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.719.16 |
genre |
Beluga Beluga* Elephant Seals |
genre_facet |
Beluga Beluga* Elephant Seals |
op_source |
The FASEB Journal volume 31, issue S1 ISSN 0892-6638 1530-6860 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.719.16 |
container_title |
The FASEB Journal |
container_volume |
31 |
container_issue |
S1 |
_version_ |
1800748897500397568 |