Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales
Abstract Substantial declines of anadromous Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar have occurred throughout its range, with many populations at the southern extent of the distribution currently extirpated or endangered. While both one sea winter (1SW) and two sea winter (2SW) spawner numbers for the North Amer...
Published in: | Marine and Coastal Fisheries |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 |
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crwiley:10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 2024-06-02T08:03:26+00:00 Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales Izzo, Lisa K. Zydlewski, Joseph U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Marine and Coastal Fisheries volume 9, issue 1, page 357-372 ISSN 1942-5120 1942-5120 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 2024-05-03T11:52:43Z Abstract Substantial declines of anadromous Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar have occurred throughout its range, with many populations at the southern extent of the distribution currently extirpated or endangered. While both one sea winter (1SW) and two sea winter (2SW) spawner numbers for the North American stocks have declined since the 1950s, the decline has been most severe in 2SW spawners. The first months at sea are considered a period of high mortality. However, early ocean mortality alone cannot explain the more pronounced decline of 2SW spawners, suggesting that the second year at sea may be more critical than previously thought. Atlantic Salmon scales collected by anglers and the state agency from 1946 to 2013 from five rivers in eastern Maine were used to estimate smolt age and ocean age of returning adults. Additionally, seasonal growth rates of maiden 2SW spawners were estimated using intercirculi measurements and linear back‐calculation methods. Generalized linear mixed models (Gaussian family, log link function) were used to investigate the influence of average sea surface temperature, accumulated thermal units, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and North Atlantic Oscillation indices, smolt age, smolt length, postsmolt growth, and river of origin on growth rate during the oceanic migration of North American Atlantic Salmon. Results suggest that different factors influence salmon growth throughout their oceanic migration, and previous growth can be a strong predictor of future size. Growth was negatively impacted by the phase of the AMO, which has been linked to salmon abundance trends, in early spring following the postsmolt period. This is likely when the 1SW and 2SW stock components separate, and our results suggest that this period may be of interest in future work examining the disproportionate decline in 2SW spawners. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Salmo salar Wiley Online Library Marine and Coastal Fisheries 9 1 357 372 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Substantial declines of anadromous Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar have occurred throughout its range, with many populations at the southern extent of the distribution currently extirpated or endangered. While both one sea winter (1SW) and two sea winter (2SW) spawner numbers for the North American stocks have declined since the 1950s, the decline has been most severe in 2SW spawners. The first months at sea are considered a period of high mortality. However, early ocean mortality alone cannot explain the more pronounced decline of 2SW spawners, suggesting that the second year at sea may be more critical than previously thought. Atlantic Salmon scales collected by anglers and the state agency from 1946 to 2013 from five rivers in eastern Maine were used to estimate smolt age and ocean age of returning adults. Additionally, seasonal growth rates of maiden 2SW spawners were estimated using intercirculi measurements and linear back‐calculation methods. Generalized linear mixed models (Gaussian family, log link function) were used to investigate the influence of average sea surface temperature, accumulated thermal units, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and North Atlantic Oscillation indices, smolt age, smolt length, postsmolt growth, and river of origin on growth rate during the oceanic migration of North American Atlantic Salmon. Results suggest that different factors influence salmon growth throughout their oceanic migration, and previous growth can be a strong predictor of future size. Growth was negatively impacted by the phase of the AMO, which has been linked to salmon abundance trends, in early spring following the postsmolt period. This is likely when the 1SW and 2SW stock components separate, and our results suggest that this period may be of interest in future work examining the disproportionate decline in 2SW spawners. |
author2 |
U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Izzo, Lisa K. Zydlewski, Joseph |
spellingShingle |
Izzo, Lisa K. Zydlewski, Joseph Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales |
author_facet |
Izzo, Lisa K. Zydlewski, Joseph |
author_sort |
Izzo, Lisa K. |
title |
Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales |
title_short |
Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales |
title_full |
Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales |
title_fullStr |
Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales |
title_full_unstemmed |
Retrospective Analysis of Seasonal Ocean Growth Rates of Two Sea Winter Atlantic Salmon in Eastern Maine Using Historic Scales |
title_sort |
retrospective analysis of seasonal ocean growth rates of two sea winter atlantic salmon in eastern maine using historic scales |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Salmo salar |
op_source |
Marine and Coastal Fisheries volume 9, issue 1, page 357-372 ISSN 1942-5120 1942-5120 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2017.1334723 |
container_title |
Marine and Coastal Fisheries |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
357 |
op_container_end_page |
372 |
_version_ |
1800747961351667712 |