Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna
Abstract: Arctic and alpine plants like Oxyria digyna have to face enhanced environmental stress. This study compared leaves from Oxyria digyna collected in the Arctic at Svalbard (78°N) and in the Austrian Alps (47°N) at cellular, subcellular, and ultrastructural levels. Oxyria digyna plants collec...
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crwiley:10.1055/s-2006-924727 2024-06-23T07:49:38+00:00 Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna Holzinger, A. Wasteneys, G. O. Lütz, C. 2007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-924727 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1055%2Fs-2006-924727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1055/s-2006-924727 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Plant Biology volume 9, issue 3, page 400-410 ISSN 1435-8603 1438-8677 journal-article 2007 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-924727 2024-06-13T04:25:34Z Abstract: Arctic and alpine plants like Oxyria digyna have to face enhanced environmental stress. This study compared leaves from Oxyria digyna collected in the Arctic at Svalbard (78°N) and in the Austrian Alps (47°N) at cellular, subcellular, and ultrastructural levels. Oxyria digyna plants collected in Svalbard had significantly thicker leaves than the samples collected in the Austrian Alps. This difference was generated by increased thickness of the palisade and spongy mesophyll layers in the arctic plants, while epidermal cells had no significant size differences between the two habitats. A characteristic feature of arctic, alpine, and cultivated samples was the occurrence of broad stroma‐filled chloroplast protrusions, 2 ‐ 5 μm broad and up to 5 μm long. Chloroplast protrusions were in close spatial contact with other organelles including mitochondria and microbodies. Mitochondria were also present in invaginations of the chloroplasts. A dense network of cortical microtubules found in the mesophyll cells suggested a potential role for microtubules in the formation and function of chloroplast protrusions. No direct interactions between microtubules and chloroplasts, however, were observed and disruption of the microtubule arrays with the anti‐microtubule agent oryzalin at 5 ‐ 10 μM did not alter the appearance or dynamics of chloroplast protrusions. These observations suggest that, in contrast to studies on stromule formation in Nicotiana, microtubules are not involved in the formation and morphology of chloroplast protrusions in Oxyria digyna . The actin microfilament‐disrupting drug latrunculin B (5 ‐ 10 μM for 2 h) arrested cytoplasmic streaming and altered the cytoplasmic integrity of mesophyll cells. However, at the ultrastructural level, stroma‐containing, thylakoid‐free areas were still visible, mostly at the concave sides of the chloroplasts. As chloroplast protrusions were frequently found to be mitochondria‐associated in Oxyria digyna, a role in metabolite exchange is possible, which may ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Oxyria digyna Svalbard Wiley Online Library Arctic Svalbard Plant Biology 9 3 400 410 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract: Arctic and alpine plants like Oxyria digyna have to face enhanced environmental stress. This study compared leaves from Oxyria digyna collected in the Arctic at Svalbard (78°N) and in the Austrian Alps (47°N) at cellular, subcellular, and ultrastructural levels. Oxyria digyna plants collected in Svalbard had significantly thicker leaves than the samples collected in the Austrian Alps. This difference was generated by increased thickness of the palisade and spongy mesophyll layers in the arctic plants, while epidermal cells had no significant size differences between the two habitats. A characteristic feature of arctic, alpine, and cultivated samples was the occurrence of broad stroma‐filled chloroplast protrusions, 2 ‐ 5 μm broad and up to 5 μm long. Chloroplast protrusions were in close spatial contact with other organelles including mitochondria and microbodies. Mitochondria were also present in invaginations of the chloroplasts. A dense network of cortical microtubules found in the mesophyll cells suggested a potential role for microtubules in the formation and function of chloroplast protrusions. No direct interactions between microtubules and chloroplasts, however, were observed and disruption of the microtubule arrays with the anti‐microtubule agent oryzalin at 5 ‐ 10 μM did not alter the appearance or dynamics of chloroplast protrusions. These observations suggest that, in contrast to studies on stromule formation in Nicotiana, microtubules are not involved in the formation and morphology of chloroplast protrusions in Oxyria digyna . The actin microfilament‐disrupting drug latrunculin B (5 ‐ 10 μM for 2 h) arrested cytoplasmic streaming and altered the cytoplasmic integrity of mesophyll cells. However, at the ultrastructural level, stroma‐containing, thylakoid‐free areas were still visible, mostly at the concave sides of the chloroplasts. As chloroplast protrusions were frequently found to be mitochondria‐associated in Oxyria digyna, a role in metabolite exchange is possible, which may ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Holzinger, A. Wasteneys, G. O. Lütz, C. |
spellingShingle |
Holzinger, A. Wasteneys, G. O. Lütz, C. Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna |
author_facet |
Holzinger, A. Wasteneys, G. O. Lütz, C. |
author_sort |
Holzinger, A. |
title |
Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna |
title_short |
Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna |
title_full |
Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna |
title_fullStr |
Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna |
title_full_unstemmed |
Investigating Cytoskeletal Function in Chloroplast Protrusion Formation in the Arctic‐Alpine Plant Oxyria digyna |
title_sort |
investigating cytoskeletal function in chloroplast protrusion formation in the arctic‐alpine plant oxyria digyna |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-924727 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1055%2Fs-2006-924727 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1055/s-2006-924727 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Oxyria digyna Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Oxyria digyna Svalbard |
op_source |
Plant Biology volume 9, issue 3, page 400-410 ISSN 1435-8603 1438-8677 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-924727 |
container_title |
Plant Biology |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
400 |
op_container_end_page |
410 |
_version_ |
1802640155453947904 |