Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change
Ice‐core records of the concentration of atmospheric CO 2 and its stable isotope ratio (δ 13 C a ) have shown that the global C cycle has not remained in steady‐state over the past 11000 yr, implying a possible change in vegetation activity over this period. Here we evaluated the ecophysiological re...
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crwiley:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x 2024-06-02T08:02:49+00:00 Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change BEERLING, D. J. RUNDGREN, M. 2000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1469-8137.2000.00582.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor New Phytologist volume 145, issue 2, page 257-269 ISSN 0028-646X 1469-8137 journal-article 2000 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x 2024-05-03T11:20:10Z Ice‐core records of the concentration of atmospheric CO 2 and its stable isotope ratio (δ 13 C a ) have shown that the global C cycle has not remained in steady‐state over the past 11000 yr, implying a possible change in vegetation activity over this period. Here we evaluated the ecophysiological responses of the dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea ) over the past 9000 yr by measuring the stable carbon isotope composition and stomatal characters of a unique, well dated, high‐latitude (68 °N) sub‐fossil leaf sequence. After correction for corresponding changes in δ 13 C a , a 9000‐yr record of variations in the ratio of intercellular (c i ) to atmospheric (c a ) CO 2 concentration was established. Intercellular∶atmospheric CO 2 concentration ratios provide a time‐integrated indicator of the set‐point of leaf gas exchange, and the historical variations revealed in this record have been interpreted as an impact of environmental changes on leaf gas exchange. The sequence shows a progressive fall in c i /c a 9000–3000 yr BP as well as the climatic effects of the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age and the post‐industrial CO 2 rise. Leaf stomatal index (proportion of epidermal cells as stomata), but not stomatal density, was significantly ( P <0.01) correlated with Holocene atmospheric CO 2 variations. A process‐based interpretation of the changes in c i /c a was made using two different coupled photosynthesis‐stomatal conductance models. Calculated in this way, S. herbacea photosynthetic rates were relatively stable throughout the Holocene whilst stomatal conductance progressively declined. Both, however, showed the marked effects of the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. Overall, the results demonstrate that S. herbacea leaf metabolism, like the global C cycle, has not remained in steady state during the Holocene but has responded to changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentration and short‐term climatic oscillations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic ice core Salix herbacea Wiley Online Library Arctic New Phytologist 145 2 257 269 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Ice‐core records of the concentration of atmospheric CO 2 and its stable isotope ratio (δ 13 C a ) have shown that the global C cycle has not remained in steady‐state over the past 11000 yr, implying a possible change in vegetation activity over this period. Here we evaluated the ecophysiological responses of the dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea ) over the past 9000 yr by measuring the stable carbon isotope composition and stomatal characters of a unique, well dated, high‐latitude (68 °N) sub‐fossil leaf sequence. After correction for corresponding changes in δ 13 C a , a 9000‐yr record of variations in the ratio of intercellular (c i ) to atmospheric (c a ) CO 2 concentration was established. Intercellular∶atmospheric CO 2 concentration ratios provide a time‐integrated indicator of the set‐point of leaf gas exchange, and the historical variations revealed in this record have been interpreted as an impact of environmental changes on leaf gas exchange. The sequence shows a progressive fall in c i /c a 9000–3000 yr BP as well as the climatic effects of the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age and the post‐industrial CO 2 rise. Leaf stomatal index (proportion of epidermal cells as stomata), but not stomatal density, was significantly ( P <0.01) correlated with Holocene atmospheric CO 2 variations. A process‐based interpretation of the changes in c i /c a was made using two different coupled photosynthesis‐stomatal conductance models. Calculated in this way, S. herbacea photosynthetic rates were relatively stable throughout the Holocene whilst stomatal conductance progressively declined. Both, however, showed the marked effects of the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. Overall, the results demonstrate that S. herbacea leaf metabolism, like the global C cycle, has not remained in steady state during the Holocene but has responded to changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentration and short‐term climatic oscillations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
BEERLING, D. J. RUNDGREN, M. |
spellingShingle |
BEERLING, D. J. RUNDGREN, M. Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change |
author_facet |
BEERLING, D. J. RUNDGREN, M. |
author_sort |
BEERLING, D. J. |
title |
Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change |
title_short |
Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change |
title_full |
Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change |
title_fullStr |
Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change |
title_full_unstemmed |
Leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( Salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change |
title_sort |
leaf metabolic and morphological responses of dwarf willow ( salix herbacea) in the sub‐arctic to the past 9000 years of global environmental change |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1469-8137.2000.00582.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic ice core Salix herbacea |
genre_facet |
Arctic ice core Salix herbacea |
op_source |
New Phytologist volume 145, issue 2, page 257-269 ISSN 0028-646X 1469-8137 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00582.x |
container_title |
New Phytologist |
container_volume |
145 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
257 |
op_container_end_page |
269 |
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