Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest
SUMMARY The effects of prolonged simulated acid rain on percentage cover of ground vegetation, and on growth and reproduction of two dominating dwarf shrubs ( Emapetrum nigrum and Vaccinium vaitisidaea) were examined in a field experiment in the Finnish Subarctic, in an area with low ambient levels...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x |
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crwiley:10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x 2024-09-09T19:28:21+00:00 Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest SHEVTSOVA, A. NEUVONEN, S. 1997 http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor New Phytologist volume 136, issue 4, page 613-625 ISSN 0028-646X 1469-8137 journal-article 1997 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x 2024-08-09T04:23:37Z SUMMARY The effects of prolonged simulated acid rain on percentage cover of ground vegetation, and on growth and reproduction of two dominating dwarf shrubs ( Emapetrum nigrum and Vaccinium vaitisidaea) were examined in a field experiment in the Finnish Subarctic, in an area with low ambient levels of sulphur and nitrogen deposition. Acid rain treatments included moderate (pH 3.8) and high (pH 2.9) concentrations of either H 2 SO 4 , or HNO 3 , or a mixture of them, and were compared with irrigated (pH 6) and dry control plots. Long‐term application of acid rain caused significant alteration in the cover and composition of ground vegetation. Effects of acid ram depended on the accompanying anion and on pH. Sub‐plots under different canopy tree species differed in responses indicating that spatial heterogeneity is important in predicting the effect of acidifying pollution on this plant community. In the bottom layer, acid rain caused significant reduction in cover of the cyanobacterial lichens Nephroma arcticum and Peltigera spp. Decrease in cover of fruticose lichens, mainly composed of Cladina spp., more likely resulted from additional watering. In the field layer, acid rain containing moderate concentrations of NO − 3 caused an increase in cover of graminoid species. There were only slight alterations in growth and cover of the two dominant evergreen dwarf shrubs, Enigrum and V. vitis‐idaea , indicating that these species are tolerant to acid rain of as low as pH 3. Even some positive responses of dwarf shrubs were observed, depending on canopy tree. Application of acid rain of pH 3 to plots under pine trees caused an increase in cover of I, vitis‐idaea and, when the nitric acid only was applied, a short‐term increase in the number of new shoots of E. nigrum. In contrast to vegetative growth, reproduction of the dwarf shrubs was more strongly affected by acid rain, but this also depended on local conditions and anion composition of acid rain. On ‘pine’ plots, rain of pH 3 reduced the number of berries and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Subarctic Wiley Online Library Arctic New Phytologist 136 4 613 625 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
SUMMARY The effects of prolonged simulated acid rain on percentage cover of ground vegetation, and on growth and reproduction of two dominating dwarf shrubs ( Emapetrum nigrum and Vaccinium vaitisidaea) were examined in a field experiment in the Finnish Subarctic, in an area with low ambient levels of sulphur and nitrogen deposition. Acid rain treatments included moderate (pH 3.8) and high (pH 2.9) concentrations of either H 2 SO 4 , or HNO 3 , or a mixture of them, and were compared with irrigated (pH 6) and dry control plots. Long‐term application of acid rain caused significant alteration in the cover and composition of ground vegetation. Effects of acid ram depended on the accompanying anion and on pH. Sub‐plots under different canopy tree species differed in responses indicating that spatial heterogeneity is important in predicting the effect of acidifying pollution on this plant community. In the bottom layer, acid rain caused significant reduction in cover of the cyanobacterial lichens Nephroma arcticum and Peltigera spp. Decrease in cover of fruticose lichens, mainly composed of Cladina spp., more likely resulted from additional watering. In the field layer, acid rain containing moderate concentrations of NO − 3 caused an increase in cover of graminoid species. There were only slight alterations in growth and cover of the two dominant evergreen dwarf shrubs, Enigrum and V. vitis‐idaea , indicating that these species are tolerant to acid rain of as low as pH 3. Even some positive responses of dwarf shrubs were observed, depending on canopy tree. Application of acid rain of pH 3 to plots under pine trees caused an increase in cover of I, vitis‐idaea and, when the nitric acid only was applied, a short‐term increase in the number of new shoots of E. nigrum. In contrast to vegetative growth, reproduction of the dwarf shrubs was more strongly affected by acid rain, but this also depended on local conditions and anion composition of acid rain. On ‘pine’ plots, rain of pH 3 reduced the number of berries and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
SHEVTSOVA, A. NEUVONEN, S. |
spellingShingle |
SHEVTSOVA, A. NEUVONEN, S. Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest |
author_facet |
SHEVTSOVA, A. NEUVONEN, S. |
author_sort |
SHEVTSOVA, A. |
title |
Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest |
title_short |
Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest |
title_full |
Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest |
title_fullStr |
Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest |
title_full_unstemmed |
Responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest |
title_sort |
responses of ground vegetation to prolonged simulated acid rain in sub‐arctic pine—birch forest |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Subarctic |
op_source |
New Phytologist volume 136, issue 4, page 613-625 ISSN 0028-646X 1469-8137 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00782.x |
container_title |
New Phytologist |
container_volume |
136 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
613 |
op_container_end_page |
625 |
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1809897596399910912 |