An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra
1 Five treeline species had low seed germination rates and low survivorship and growth of seedlings when transplanted into Alaskan tundra. Seed germination of all species increased with experimental warming, suggesting that the present treeline may in part result from unsuccessful recruitment under...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x |
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crwiley:10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x 2024-09-09T19:23:47+00:00 An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra Hobbie, Sarah E. Chapin, F. Stuart 1998 http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Ecology volume 86, issue 3, page 449-461 ISSN 0022-0477 1365-2745 journal-article 1998 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x 2024-06-25T04:16:54Z 1 Five treeline species had low seed germination rates and low survivorship and growth of seedlings when transplanted into Alaskan tundra. Seed germination of all species increased with experimental warming, suggesting that the present treeline may in part result from unsuccessful recruitment under cold conditions. 2 Growth, biomass and survivorship of seedlings of treeline species transplanted into tundra were largely unaffected by experimental warming. However, transplanted seedlings of three species ( Betula papyrifera , Picea glauca and Populus tremuloides ) grew more when below‐ground competition with the extant community was reduced. All three measures of transplant performance were greater in shrub tundra than in the less productive tussock or heath tundra. Establishment of trees in tundra may thus be prevented by low resource availability and competition. 3 Two species ( Alnus crispa and Populus balsamifera ) had low seed germination and survivorship of germinated seeds; transplants of these species did not respond to the manipulations and lost biomass following transplanting into tundra. Isolated populations of these two species north of the present treeline in arctic Alaska probably became established during mid‐Holocene warming rather than in recent times. 4 Of all the species studied here, Picea glauca was the most likely to invade intact upland tundra. Its seeds had the highest germination rates and it was the only species whose seedlings survived subsequently. Furthermore, transplanted seedlings of Picea glauca had relatively high survivorship and positive growth in tundra, especially in treatments that increased air temperature or nutrient availability, two factors likely to increase with climate warming. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Tundra Alaska Wiley Online Library Arctic Journal of Ecology 86 3 449 461 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
1 Five treeline species had low seed germination rates and low survivorship and growth of seedlings when transplanted into Alaskan tundra. Seed germination of all species increased with experimental warming, suggesting that the present treeline may in part result from unsuccessful recruitment under cold conditions. 2 Growth, biomass and survivorship of seedlings of treeline species transplanted into tundra were largely unaffected by experimental warming. However, transplanted seedlings of three species ( Betula papyrifera , Picea glauca and Populus tremuloides ) grew more when below‐ground competition with the extant community was reduced. All three measures of transplant performance were greater in shrub tundra than in the less productive tussock or heath tundra. Establishment of trees in tundra may thus be prevented by low resource availability and competition. 3 Two species ( Alnus crispa and Populus balsamifera ) had low seed germination and survivorship of germinated seeds; transplants of these species did not respond to the manipulations and lost biomass following transplanting into tundra. Isolated populations of these two species north of the present treeline in arctic Alaska probably became established during mid‐Holocene warming rather than in recent times. 4 Of all the species studied here, Picea glauca was the most likely to invade intact upland tundra. Its seeds had the highest germination rates and it was the only species whose seedlings survived subsequently. Furthermore, transplanted seedlings of Picea glauca had relatively high survivorship and positive growth in tundra, especially in treatments that increased air temperature or nutrient availability, two factors likely to increase with climate warming. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hobbie, Sarah E. Chapin, F. Stuart |
spellingShingle |
Hobbie, Sarah E. Chapin, F. Stuart An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra |
author_facet |
Hobbie, Sarah E. Chapin, F. Stuart |
author_sort |
Hobbie, Sarah E. |
title |
An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra |
title_short |
An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra |
title_full |
An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra |
title_fullStr |
An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra |
title_full_unstemmed |
An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra |
title_sort |
experimental test of limits to tree establishment in arctic tundra |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1998 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Tundra Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Tundra Alaska |
op_source |
Journal of Ecology volume 86, issue 3, page 449-461 ISSN 0022-0477 1365-2745 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x |
container_title |
Journal of Ecology |
container_volume |
86 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
449 |
op_container_end_page |
461 |
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1809893751657594880 |