Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types
Carbon‐nutrient balance (CNB) hypothesis predicts that improved nutrient availability increases the growth of woody plants at the expense of herbivore resistance due to carbon‐based secondary metabolites. We tested this hypothesis by growing five clones of white birch ( Betula pendula Roth) in two d...
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crwiley:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990104.x 2024-06-02T08:10:07+00:00 Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types Laitinen, Jaana Rousi, Matti Tahvanainen, Jorma 2002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990104.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0706.2002.990104.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990104.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Oikos volume 99, issue 1, page 37-46 ISSN 0030-1299 1600-0706 journal-article 2002 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990104.x 2024-05-03T10:58:27Z Carbon‐nutrient balance (CNB) hypothesis predicts that improved nutrient availability increases the growth of woody plants at the expense of herbivore resistance due to carbon‐based secondary metabolites. We tested this hypothesis by growing five clones of white birch ( Betula pendula Roth) in two different habitats (mineral and peat soil) for eight years. The growth parameters of the clones and their resistance to hare ( Lepus timidus ) browsing were measured and compared with the growth/resistance relationship of same clones tested previously at the age of 1 year. The resistance of birches was evaluated in feeding choice experiments with both captive and free‐ranging hares. Experiments using caged or free‐ranging hares gave identical results on the feeding pattern by hares indicating that both methods are reliable in measuring the relative palatability of types of woody browse. The number of resin droplets on birch twigs is a good indicator of hare resistance, and our results are partly in accordance with the CNB hypothesis: trees grown in mineral soil (optimal conditions) had fewer resin droplets than trees grown in peat soil. Two of the five clones tested were significantly more palatable to hares when grown in mineral soil than the same clones grown in peat soil. Trees grown in mineral soil were also taller and had greater biomass than trees grown in peat soil. However, the significant clone×habitat interaction in the production of resin droplets and growth/palatability relationships indicates that different tree genotypes can have individualistic responses to environmental variations, and thus the responses of all birch clones do not follow the predictions of the CNB hypothesis. Similar rank order in the palatability of the studied birch clones at the age of one and eight years indicates a strong genetic basis for resistance. However, the relationship between height and palatability of birches was negative in the 1‐year‐old plants but positive in the 8‐year‐old birches used in this experiment. This may ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Lepus timidus Wiley Online Library Oikos 99 1 37 46 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Carbon‐nutrient balance (CNB) hypothesis predicts that improved nutrient availability increases the growth of woody plants at the expense of herbivore resistance due to carbon‐based secondary metabolites. We tested this hypothesis by growing five clones of white birch ( Betula pendula Roth) in two different habitats (mineral and peat soil) for eight years. The growth parameters of the clones and their resistance to hare ( Lepus timidus ) browsing were measured and compared with the growth/resistance relationship of same clones tested previously at the age of 1 year. The resistance of birches was evaluated in feeding choice experiments with both captive and free‐ranging hares. Experiments using caged or free‐ranging hares gave identical results on the feeding pattern by hares indicating that both methods are reliable in measuring the relative palatability of types of woody browse. The number of resin droplets on birch twigs is a good indicator of hare resistance, and our results are partly in accordance with the CNB hypothesis: trees grown in mineral soil (optimal conditions) had fewer resin droplets than trees grown in peat soil. Two of the five clones tested were significantly more palatable to hares when grown in mineral soil than the same clones grown in peat soil. Trees grown in mineral soil were also taller and had greater biomass than trees grown in peat soil. However, the significant clone×habitat interaction in the production of resin droplets and growth/palatability relationships indicates that different tree genotypes can have individualistic responses to environmental variations, and thus the responses of all birch clones do not follow the predictions of the CNB hypothesis. Similar rank order in the palatability of the studied birch clones at the age of one and eight years indicates a strong genetic basis for resistance. However, the relationship between height and palatability of birches was negative in the 1‐year‐old plants but positive in the 8‐year‐old birches used in this experiment. This may ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Laitinen, Jaana Rousi, Matti Tahvanainen, Jorma |
spellingShingle |
Laitinen, Jaana Rousi, Matti Tahvanainen, Jorma Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types |
author_facet |
Laitinen, Jaana Rousi, Matti Tahvanainen, Jorma |
author_sort |
Laitinen, Jaana |
title |
Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types |
title_short |
Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types |
title_full |
Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types |
title_fullStr |
Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types |
title_full_unstemmed |
Growth and hare, Lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, Betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types |
title_sort |
growth and hare, lepus timidus, resistance of white birch, betula pendula, clones grown in different soil types |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990104.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0706.2002.990104.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990104.x |
genre |
Lepus timidus |
genre_facet |
Lepus timidus |
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Oikos volume 99, issue 1, page 37-46 ISSN 0030-1299 1600-0706 |
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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990104.x |
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Oikos |
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99 |
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1 |
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37 |
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46 |
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1800755934486593536 |