New 17‐Methyl‐13‐Octadecenoic and 3,16‐Docosadienoic Acids from the Sponge Polymastia penicillus

• Published in: Lipids
• Main Authors: Denis, Claire, Wielgosz‐Collin, Gaëtane, Bretéché, Anne, Ruiz, Nicolas, Rabesaotra, Vony, Boury‐Esnault, Nicole, Kornprobst, Jean‐Michel, Barnathan, Gilles
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2009
• Subjects: North East Atlantic
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11745-009-3291-9; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1007/s11745-009-3291-9

Abstract The phospholipid fatty acid composition of the North‐East Atlantic sponge Polymastia penicillus (South Brittany, France) was investigated. Sixty fatty acids (FA) were identified as methyl esters (FAME) and N ‐acyl pyrrolidides (NAP) by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), including eight Δ5,9 unsaturated FA and three long‐chain 2‐hydroxylated FA. The major phospholipid FA were palmitic (14.3% of the total FA mixture), vaccenic (12.7%), 15( Z )‐docosenoic (13.4%) and 5( Z ),9( Z )‐hexacosadienoic (13.3%) acids. In addition to the iso ‐ and anteiso ‐branched saturated FA, several unusual short‐chain branched saturated FA were identified. In addition to the known Δ5,9 FA, and interestingly regarding their identification by GC–MS as N ‐acyl pyrrolidides, was the co‐occurrence of unusual FA possessing a Δ3, Δ4 and Δ5 double bond such as iso ‐4‐pentadecenoic, iso ‐5‐heptadecenoic, anteiso ‐5‐heptadecenoic and two new compounds, not hitherto found in nature, namely 17‐methyl‐13‐octadecenoic (0.8%) and 3,16‐docosadienoic (1.1%) acids.