Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups
Abstract Background Weddell seals ( Leptonychotes weddellii ) are a well‐studied species of phocid with an apparent sensitivity to immobilising agents. Mortality as high as 31% has been reported during field immobilisation. This study investigated the use of a benzodiazepine in combination with an o...
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crwiley:10.1002/vetr.2238 2024-09-15T17:47:41+00:00 Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups Whoriskey, Sophie Pearson, Linnea E. Harris, Heather S. Whitmer, Emily R. Liwanag, Heather E. M. Brodie, Erin Johnson, Shawn National Science Foundation 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.2238 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vetr.2238 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/vetr.2238 https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vetr.2238 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Veterinary Record volume 191, issue 11 ISSN 0042-4900 2042-7670 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.2238 2024-07-04T04:28:02Z Abstract Background Weddell seals ( Leptonychotes weddellii ) are a well‐studied species of phocid with an apparent sensitivity to immobilising agents. Mortality as high as 31% has been reported during field immobilisation. This study investigated the use of a benzodiazepine in combination with an opioid agonist/antagonist for sedation in Weddell seal pups as part of a physiological study. Methods During the 2017 and 2019 Antarctic pupping seasons, 18 Weddell seal pups were sedated by intramuscular administration of a combination of midazolam and butorphanol or intravenous midazolam alone. Individuals were sedated at 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks of age. Naltrexone and flumazenil were used to reverse sedation. The combination was 100% effective in providing appropriate sedation for the intended procedures. Results Analyses were performed to investigate relationships between dose administered, age, individual reactions, adverse effects and changes in dive physiology. Transient apnoea (10–60 seconds) was the most frequently observed adverse effect. No sedation‐associated morbidity or mortality occurred. Limitations The sample size is small and there is no pharmacokinetic information for either sedative or reversal in phocid species. Conclusions The combination of midazolam (0.2–0.3 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.1–0.2 mg/kg) provided safe and effective sedation, with reversible effects, in Weddell seal pups. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seal Weddell Seals Wiley Online Library Veterinary Record 191 11 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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language |
English |
description |
Abstract Background Weddell seals ( Leptonychotes weddellii ) are a well‐studied species of phocid with an apparent sensitivity to immobilising agents. Mortality as high as 31% has been reported during field immobilisation. This study investigated the use of a benzodiazepine in combination with an opioid agonist/antagonist for sedation in Weddell seal pups as part of a physiological study. Methods During the 2017 and 2019 Antarctic pupping seasons, 18 Weddell seal pups were sedated by intramuscular administration of a combination of midazolam and butorphanol or intravenous midazolam alone. Individuals were sedated at 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks of age. Naltrexone and flumazenil were used to reverse sedation. The combination was 100% effective in providing appropriate sedation for the intended procedures. Results Analyses were performed to investigate relationships between dose administered, age, individual reactions, adverse effects and changes in dive physiology. Transient apnoea (10–60 seconds) was the most frequently observed adverse effect. No sedation‐associated morbidity or mortality occurred. Limitations The sample size is small and there is no pharmacokinetic information for either sedative or reversal in phocid species. Conclusions The combination of midazolam (0.2–0.3 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.1–0.2 mg/kg) provided safe and effective sedation, with reversible effects, in Weddell seal pups. |
author2 |
National Science Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Whoriskey, Sophie Pearson, Linnea E. Harris, Heather S. Whitmer, Emily R. Liwanag, Heather E. M. Brodie, Erin Johnson, Shawn |
spellingShingle |
Whoriskey, Sophie Pearson, Linnea E. Harris, Heather S. Whitmer, Emily R. Liwanag, Heather E. M. Brodie, Erin Johnson, Shawn Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups |
author_facet |
Whoriskey, Sophie Pearson, Linnea E. Harris, Heather S. Whitmer, Emily R. Liwanag, Heather E. M. Brodie, Erin Johnson, Shawn |
author_sort |
Whoriskey, Sophie |
title |
Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups |
title_short |
Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups |
title_full |
Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups |
title_fullStr |
Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups |
title_full_unstemmed |
Using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii) pups |
title_sort |
using a combination of midazolam and butorphanol is a safe and effective reversible field sedation protocol for weddell seal ( leptonychotes weddellii) pups |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.2238 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vetr.2238 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/vetr.2238 https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vetr.2238 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seal Weddell Seals |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seal Weddell Seals |
op_source |
Veterinary Record volume 191, issue 11 ISSN 0042-4900 2042-7670 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.2238 |
container_title |
Veterinary Record |
container_volume |
191 |
container_issue |
11 |
_version_ |
1810497143357571072 |