Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades
Abstract Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers, but mounting contradictory evidence suggests a need to revisit this concept. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to critically re‐evaluate the prevailing paradigm of negative effects of ocean acidification on calci...
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crwiley:10.1002/smll.202107407 2024-06-23T07:55:45+00:00 Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Zhang, Sam Connell, Sean D. China Postdoctoral Science Foundation National Natural Science Foundation of China Australian Research Council 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202107407 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/smll.202107407 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/smll.202107407 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Small volume 18, issue 35 ISSN 1613-6810 1613-6829 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202107407 2024-06-11T04:43:30Z Abstract Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers, but mounting contradictory evidence suggests a need to revisit this concept. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to critically re‐evaluate the prevailing paradigm of negative effects of ocean acidification on calcifiers. Based on 5153 observations from 985 studies, many calcifiers (e.g., echinoderms, crustaceans, and cephalopods) are found to be tolerant to near‐future ocean acidification (pH ≈ 7.8 by the year 2100), but coccolithophores, calcifying algae, and corals appear to be sensitive. Calcifiers are generally more sensitive at the larval stage than adult stage. Over 70% of the observations in growth and calcification are non‐negative, implying the acclimation capacity of many calcifiers to ocean acidification. This capacity can be mediated by phenotypic plasticity (e.g., physiological, mineralogical, structural, and molecular adjustments), transgenerational plasticity, increased food availability, or species interactions. The results suggest that the impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers are less deleterious than initially thought as their adaptability has been underestimated. Therefore, in the forthcoming era of ocean acidification research, it is advocated that studying how marine organisms persist is as important as studying how they perish, and that future hypotheses and experimental designs are not constrained within the paradigm of negative effects. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Wiley Online Library Small 18 35 2107407 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers, but mounting contradictory evidence suggests a need to revisit this concept. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to critically re‐evaluate the prevailing paradigm of negative effects of ocean acidification on calcifiers. Based on 5153 observations from 985 studies, many calcifiers (e.g., echinoderms, crustaceans, and cephalopods) are found to be tolerant to near‐future ocean acidification (pH ≈ 7.8 by the year 2100), but coccolithophores, calcifying algae, and corals appear to be sensitive. Calcifiers are generally more sensitive at the larval stage than adult stage. Over 70% of the observations in growth and calcification are non‐negative, implying the acclimation capacity of many calcifiers to ocean acidification. This capacity can be mediated by phenotypic plasticity (e.g., physiological, mineralogical, structural, and molecular adjustments), transgenerational plasticity, increased food availability, or species interactions. The results suggest that the impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers are less deleterious than initially thought as their adaptability has been underestimated. Therefore, in the forthcoming era of ocean acidification research, it is advocated that studying how marine organisms persist is as important as studying how they perish, and that future hypotheses and experimental designs are not constrained within the paradigm of negative effects. |
author2 |
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation National Natural Science Foundation of China Australian Research Council |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Zhang, Sam Connell, Sean D. |
spellingShingle |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Zhang, Sam Connell, Sean D. Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades |
author_facet |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Zhang, Sam Connell, Sean D. |
author_sort |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. |
title |
Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades |
title_short |
Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades |
title_full |
Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades |
title_fullStr |
Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades |
title_full_unstemmed |
Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades |
title_sort |
is ocean acidification really a threat to marine calcifiers? a systematic review and meta‐analysis of 980+ studies spanning two decades |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202107407 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/smll.202107407 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/smll.202107407 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Small volume 18, issue 35 ISSN 1613-6810 1613-6829 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202107407 |
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18 |
container_issue |
35 |
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2107407 |
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1802648451967614976 |