Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification
Abstract Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers based on laboratory studies showing that increased seawater acidity weakens their ability to build calcareous shells needed for growth and protection. In the natural environment, however, the effects of ocean acidification a...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fsmll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/smll.202003186 |
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crwiley:10.1002/smll.202003186 2024-06-23T07:55:47+00:00 Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Chen, Yujie Nagelkerken, Ivan Zhang, Sam Xie, Zonghan Connell, Sean D. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Australian Research Council 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fsmll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/smll.202003186 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Small volume 16, issue 37 ISSN 1613-6810 1613-6829 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202003186 2024-06-11T04:50:41Z Abstract Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers based on laboratory studies showing that increased seawater acidity weakens their ability to build calcareous shells needed for growth and protection. In the natural environment, however, the effects of ocean acidification are subject to ecological and evolutionary processes that may allow calcifiers to buffer or reverse these short‐term negative effects through adaptive mechanisms. Using marine snails inhabiting a naturally CO 2 ‐enriched environment over multiple generations, it is discovered herein that they build more durable shells (i.e., mechanically more resilient) by adjusting the building blocks of their shells (i.e., calcium carbonate crystals), such as atomic rearrangement to reduce nanotwin thickness and increased incorporation of organic matter. However, these adaptive adjustments to future levels of ocean acidification (year 2100) are eroded at extreme CO 2 concentrations, leading to construction of more fragile shells. The discovery of adaptive mechanisms of shell building at the nanoscale provides a new perspective on why some calcifiers may thrive and others collapse in acidifying oceans, and highlights the inherent adaptability that some species possess in adjusting to human‐caused environmental change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Wiley Online Library Small 16 37 2003186 |
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English |
description |
Abstract Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers based on laboratory studies showing that increased seawater acidity weakens their ability to build calcareous shells needed for growth and protection. In the natural environment, however, the effects of ocean acidification are subject to ecological and evolutionary processes that may allow calcifiers to buffer or reverse these short‐term negative effects through adaptive mechanisms. Using marine snails inhabiting a naturally CO 2 ‐enriched environment over multiple generations, it is discovered herein that they build more durable shells (i.e., mechanically more resilient) by adjusting the building blocks of their shells (i.e., calcium carbonate crystals), such as atomic rearrangement to reduce nanotwin thickness and increased incorporation of organic matter. However, these adaptive adjustments to future levels of ocean acidification (year 2100) are eroded at extreme CO 2 concentrations, leading to construction of more fragile shells. The discovery of adaptive mechanisms of shell building at the nanoscale provides a new perspective on why some calcifiers may thrive and others collapse in acidifying oceans, and highlights the inherent adaptability that some species possess in adjusting to human‐caused environmental change. |
author2 |
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Australian Research Council |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Chen, Yujie Nagelkerken, Ivan Zhang, Sam Xie, Zonghan Connell, Sean D. |
spellingShingle |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Chen, Yujie Nagelkerken, Ivan Zhang, Sam Xie, Zonghan Connell, Sean D. Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification |
author_facet |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. Chen, Yujie Nagelkerken, Ivan Zhang, Sam Xie, Zonghan Connell, Sean D. |
author_sort |
Leung, Jonathan Y. S. |
title |
Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification |
title_short |
Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification |
title_full |
Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification |
title_fullStr |
Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification |
title_sort |
calcifiers can adjust shell building at the nanoscale to resist ocean acidification |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fsmll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/smll.202003186 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/smll.202003186 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Small volume 16, issue 37 ISSN 1613-6810 1613-6829 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202003186 |
container_title |
Small |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
37 |
container_start_page |
2003186 |
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1802648494486323200 |