Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature
Caspian sea ice concentration from satellite passive microwave data and surface daily air temperatures are analysed from 1978 to 2009. Relationships between mean winter air temperatures, cumulative freezing degree days (CFDD) and the sum of daily ice area (cumulative ice area) are found. These show...
Published in: | Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
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crwiley:10.1002/qj.2592 2024-09-09T20:07:08+00:00 Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature Tamura‐Wicks, Helen Toumi, Ralf Budgell, W. Paul Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2592 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fqj.2592 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.2592 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/qj.2592 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.2592 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society volume 141, issue 693, page 3088-3096 ISSN 0035-9009 1477-870X journal-article 2015 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2592 2024-06-18T04:12:30Z Caspian sea ice concentration from satellite passive microwave data and surface daily air temperatures are analysed from 1978 to 2009. Relationships between mean winter air temperatures, cumulative freezing degree days (CFDD) and the sum of daily ice area (cumulative ice area) are found. These show that mean monthly air temperature of less than 5.5–9.5 °C, and a minimum CFDD of 3.6 ± 11.2 °C, are required for ice formation in the northern Caspian. Examination of climate projections from multi‐model ensembles of monthly mean air temperatures suggest that the northern Caspian may be largely ice‐free by 2100 for the highest emission scenario. An ocean–ice–atmosphere model of the Caspian shows weak sensitivities of the minimum CFDD to varied sea ice albedo and ice compressive strength. Sea level decline is found to reduce the minimum CFDD as well as promote the formation of higher concentration or ‘closed ice’. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Wiley Online Library Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 141 693 3088 3096 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Caspian sea ice concentration from satellite passive microwave data and surface daily air temperatures are analysed from 1978 to 2009. Relationships between mean winter air temperatures, cumulative freezing degree days (CFDD) and the sum of daily ice area (cumulative ice area) are found. These show that mean monthly air temperature of less than 5.5–9.5 °C, and a minimum CFDD of 3.6 ± 11.2 °C, are required for ice formation in the northern Caspian. Examination of climate projections from multi‐model ensembles of monthly mean air temperatures suggest that the northern Caspian may be largely ice‐free by 2100 for the highest emission scenario. An ocean–ice–atmosphere model of the Caspian shows weak sensitivities of the minimum CFDD to varied sea ice albedo and ice compressive strength. Sea level decline is found to reduce the minimum CFDD as well as promote the formation of higher concentration or ‘closed ice’. |
author2 |
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tamura‐Wicks, Helen Toumi, Ralf Budgell, W. Paul |
spellingShingle |
Tamura‐Wicks, Helen Toumi, Ralf Budgell, W. Paul Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature |
author_facet |
Tamura‐Wicks, Helen Toumi, Ralf Budgell, W. Paul |
author_sort |
Tamura‐Wicks, Helen |
title |
Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature |
title_short |
Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature |
title_full |
Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature |
title_fullStr |
Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitivity of Caspian sea‐ice to air temperature |
title_sort |
sensitivity of caspian sea‐ice to air temperature |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2592 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fqj.2592 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.2592 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/qj.2592 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.2592 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society volume 141, issue 693, page 3088-3096 ISSN 0035-9009 1477-870X |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2592 |
container_title |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
container_volume |
141 |
container_issue |
693 |
container_start_page |
3088 |
op_container_end_page |
3096 |
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1809939832219107328 |