Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery
We review what is presently known about the climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and its projected recovery, focusing on the responses of the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere. Compared with well‐mixed greenhouse gases (GHGs), the radiative forcing of climate due to observed strat...
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crwiley:10.1002/qj.2330 2024-09-15T17:42:44+00:00 Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery Previdi, Michael Polvani, Lorenzo M. National Science Foundation 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2330 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fqj.2330 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.2330 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society volume 140, issue 685, page 2401-2419 ISSN 0035-9009 1477-870X journal-article 2014 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2330 2024-08-27T04:27:01Z We review what is presently known about the climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and its projected recovery, focusing on the responses of the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere. Compared with well‐mixed greenhouse gases (GHGs), the radiative forcing of climate due to observed stratospheric ozone loss is very small: in spite of this, recent trends in stratospheric ozone have caused profound changes in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) climate system, primarily by altering the tropospheric midlatitude jet, which is commonly described as a change in the Southern Annular Mode. Ozone depletion in the late twentieth century was the primary driver of the observed poleward shift of the jet during summer, which has been linked to changes in tropospheric and surface temperatures, clouds and cloud radiative effects, and precipitation at both middle and low latitudes. It is emphasized, however, that not all aspects of the SH climate response to stratospheric ozone forcing can be understood in terms of changes in the midlatitude jet. The response of the Southern Ocean and sea ice to ozone depletion is currently a matter of debate. For the former, the debate is centred on the role of ocean eddies in possibly opposing wind‐driven changes in the mean circulation. For the latter, the issue is reconciling the observed expansion of Antarctic sea‐ice extent during the satellite era with robust modelling evidence that the ice should melt as a result of stratospheric ozone depletion (and increases in GHGs). Despite lingering uncertainties, it has become clear that ozone depletion has been instrumental in driving SH climate change in recent decades. Similarly, ozone recovery will figure prominently in future climate change, with its impacts expected to largely cancel the impacts of increasing GHGs during the next half‐century. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean Wiley Online Library Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 140 685 2401 2419 |
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English |
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We review what is presently known about the climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and its projected recovery, focusing on the responses of the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere. Compared with well‐mixed greenhouse gases (GHGs), the radiative forcing of climate due to observed stratospheric ozone loss is very small: in spite of this, recent trends in stratospheric ozone have caused profound changes in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) climate system, primarily by altering the tropospheric midlatitude jet, which is commonly described as a change in the Southern Annular Mode. Ozone depletion in the late twentieth century was the primary driver of the observed poleward shift of the jet during summer, which has been linked to changes in tropospheric and surface temperatures, clouds and cloud radiative effects, and precipitation at both middle and low latitudes. It is emphasized, however, that not all aspects of the SH climate response to stratospheric ozone forcing can be understood in terms of changes in the midlatitude jet. The response of the Southern Ocean and sea ice to ozone depletion is currently a matter of debate. For the former, the debate is centred on the role of ocean eddies in possibly opposing wind‐driven changes in the mean circulation. For the latter, the issue is reconciling the observed expansion of Antarctic sea‐ice extent during the satellite era with robust modelling evidence that the ice should melt as a result of stratospheric ozone depletion (and increases in GHGs). Despite lingering uncertainties, it has become clear that ozone depletion has been instrumental in driving SH climate change in recent decades. Similarly, ozone recovery will figure prominently in future climate change, with its impacts expected to largely cancel the impacts of increasing GHGs during the next half‐century. |
author2 |
National Science Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Previdi, Michael Polvani, Lorenzo M. |
spellingShingle |
Previdi, Michael Polvani, Lorenzo M. Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery |
author_facet |
Previdi, Michael Polvani, Lorenzo M. |
author_sort |
Previdi, Michael |
title |
Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery |
title_short |
Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery |
title_full |
Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery |
title_fullStr |
Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery |
title_sort |
climate system response to stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2330 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fqj.2330 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.2330 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society volume 140, issue 685, page 2401-2419 ISSN 0035-9009 1477-870X |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2330 |
container_title |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
container_volume |
140 |
container_issue |
685 |
container_start_page |
2401 |
op_container_end_page |
2419 |
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1810489450954752000 |