Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia
Abstract To detect the response of permafrost to climate change in various terrestrial ecosystems, we established a permafrost monitoring network in 2007, which includes eight boreholes to monitor ground temperatures in forest, meadow, steppe, moderately dry steppe, and wetland ecosystems and three...
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crwiley:10.1002/ppp.2161 2024-09-09T18:55:05+00:00 Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia Wang, Qinxue Okadera, Tomohiro Watanabe, Masataka Wu, Tonghua Ochirbat, Batkhishig Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan National Institute for Environmental Studies 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2161 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2161 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ppp.2161 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 33, issue 4, page 406-424 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2161 2024-06-20T04:22:57Z Abstract To detect the response of permafrost to climate change in various terrestrial ecosystems, we established a permafrost monitoring network in 2007, which includes eight boreholes to monitor ground temperatures in forest, meadow, steppe, moderately dry steppe, and wetland ecosystems and three Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) to monitor climatic factors, such as wind speed (Ws), air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), precipitation (P), solar radiation (Rs), net radiation (Rn), soil heat flux (SHF), soil temperature (Ts), and soil water content (SWC), in forest, meadow, and steppe ecosystems in north‐central Mongolia. Major indicators, including mean annual ground temperature (MAGT), active layer thickness (ALT), and depth of zero annual amplitude (DZAA), were estimated to detect permafrost degradation. The results show that MAGT has increased by 0.00–0.02°C per year (almost no change) in the ice‐poor permafrost areas and by 0.03–0.06°C per year in the ice‐rich permafrost on pingos and wetlands. ALT showed an annual increase of −0.78 to 0.36 cm (almost no change) in the forest and meadow ecosystems and 2.3–7.2 cm in wetland ecosystems, whereas it increased by 23.0–28.9 cm per year in the steppe ecosystems over the last decade. This implies that the permafrost has degraded more rapidly in the steppe ecosystems than in other ecosystems. Based on correlation analysis, ALT is correlated to P in the meadow ecosystems and to SWC in the forest ecosystem, and MAGT is correlated to RH. However, both ALT and MAGT show a close correlation with major climatic factors, such as Ta, RH, SHF, and SWC in the steppe ecosystem. DZAA shows a close negative correlation with Ta in all ecosystems. These results provide evidence for permafrost degradation and its different responses to climate change in various terrestrial ecosystems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Active layer thickness Ice permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Wiley Online Library Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract To detect the response of permafrost to climate change in various terrestrial ecosystems, we established a permafrost monitoring network in 2007, which includes eight boreholes to monitor ground temperatures in forest, meadow, steppe, moderately dry steppe, and wetland ecosystems and three Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) to monitor climatic factors, such as wind speed (Ws), air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), precipitation (P), solar radiation (Rs), net radiation (Rn), soil heat flux (SHF), soil temperature (Ts), and soil water content (SWC), in forest, meadow, and steppe ecosystems in north‐central Mongolia. Major indicators, including mean annual ground temperature (MAGT), active layer thickness (ALT), and depth of zero annual amplitude (DZAA), were estimated to detect permafrost degradation. The results show that MAGT has increased by 0.00–0.02°C per year (almost no change) in the ice‐poor permafrost areas and by 0.03–0.06°C per year in the ice‐rich permafrost on pingos and wetlands. ALT showed an annual increase of −0.78 to 0.36 cm (almost no change) in the forest and meadow ecosystems and 2.3–7.2 cm in wetland ecosystems, whereas it increased by 23.0–28.9 cm per year in the steppe ecosystems over the last decade. This implies that the permafrost has degraded more rapidly in the steppe ecosystems than in other ecosystems. Based on correlation analysis, ALT is correlated to P in the meadow ecosystems and to SWC in the forest ecosystem, and MAGT is correlated to RH. However, both ALT and MAGT show a close correlation with major climatic factors, such as Ta, RH, SHF, and SWC in the steppe ecosystem. DZAA shows a close negative correlation with Ta in all ecosystems. These results provide evidence for permafrost degradation and its different responses to climate change in various terrestrial ecosystems. |
author2 |
Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan National Institute for Environmental Studies |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wang, Qinxue Okadera, Tomohiro Watanabe, Masataka Wu, Tonghua Ochirbat, Batkhishig |
spellingShingle |
Wang, Qinxue Okadera, Tomohiro Watanabe, Masataka Wu, Tonghua Ochirbat, Batkhishig Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia |
author_facet |
Wang, Qinxue Okadera, Tomohiro Watanabe, Masataka Wu, Tonghua Ochirbat, Batkhishig |
author_sort |
Wang, Qinxue |
title |
Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia |
title_short |
Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia |
title_full |
Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia |
title_fullStr |
Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral Mongolia |
title_sort |
ground warming and permafrost degradation in various terrestrial ecosystems in northcentral mongolia |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2161 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2161 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ppp.2161 |
genre |
Active layer thickness Ice permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
genre_facet |
Active layer thickness Ice permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
op_source |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 33, issue 4, page 406-424 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2161 |
container_title |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
_version_ |
1809762349895122944 |