Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska
Abstract We collected ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and frequency‐domain electromagnetic induction (FDEM) profiles in 2011 and 2012 to identify the extent of permafrost relative to surface biomass and solar insolation around Twelvemile Lake near Fort Yukon, Alaska. We compared a Landsat‐derived bio...
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crwiley:10.1002/ppp.2100 2024-09-15T17:34:51+00:00 Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska Campbell, Seth William Briggs, Martin Roy, Samuel G. Douglas, Thomas A. Saari, Stephanie National Science Foundation Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2100 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2100 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ppp.2100 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 32, issue 3, page 407-426 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2100 2024-08-27T04:28:52Z Abstract We collected ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and frequency‐domain electromagnetic induction (FDEM) profiles in 2011 and 2012 to identify the extent of permafrost relative to surface biomass and solar insolation around Twelvemile Lake near Fort Yukon, Alaska. We compared a Landsat‐derived biomass estimate and modeled solar insolation from a digital elevation model to the geophysical measurements. We show correspondence between vegetation type and biomass relative to permafrost extent and seasonal freeze–thaw. Thicker permafrost (≥25 m) was covered by greater biomass, and seasonal thaw depths in these regions were minimal (1 m). Shallow (1–3 m depth) and thin (20–50 cm) newly forming permafrost or frozen layers from the previous winter occurred below northward oriented slopes with thin biomass cover. South‐facing slopes exhibited permafrost when there was enough biomass to shield incoming solar energy. We developed an artificial neural network to predict permafrost extent across the broader region by mapping GPR‐observed instances of permafrost to FDEM, biomass, and terrain observations with 90.2% accuracy. We identified a strong linear correlation ( r = −0.77) between permafrost probability and seasonal thaw depth, indicating that our models may also be used to explore thaw patterns and variability in active layer thickness. This study highlights the combined influence of biomass and terrain on the presence of permafrost and the value of evaluating such parameters via remote sensing to predict permafrost spatial or temporal variability. Incorporating diverse geophysical datasets with in‐situ validation into machine learning models demonstrates a useful approach to upscale estimated permafrost extent across large Arctic expanses. Article in Journal/Newspaper Active layer thickness permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Alaska Yukon Wiley Online Library Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
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English |
description |
Abstract We collected ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and frequency‐domain electromagnetic induction (FDEM) profiles in 2011 and 2012 to identify the extent of permafrost relative to surface biomass and solar insolation around Twelvemile Lake near Fort Yukon, Alaska. We compared a Landsat‐derived biomass estimate and modeled solar insolation from a digital elevation model to the geophysical measurements. We show correspondence between vegetation type and biomass relative to permafrost extent and seasonal freeze–thaw. Thicker permafrost (≥25 m) was covered by greater biomass, and seasonal thaw depths in these regions were minimal (1 m). Shallow (1–3 m depth) and thin (20–50 cm) newly forming permafrost or frozen layers from the previous winter occurred below northward oriented slopes with thin biomass cover. South‐facing slopes exhibited permafrost when there was enough biomass to shield incoming solar energy. We developed an artificial neural network to predict permafrost extent across the broader region by mapping GPR‐observed instances of permafrost to FDEM, biomass, and terrain observations with 90.2% accuracy. We identified a strong linear correlation ( r = −0.77) between permafrost probability and seasonal thaw depth, indicating that our models may also be used to explore thaw patterns and variability in active layer thickness. This study highlights the combined influence of biomass and terrain on the presence of permafrost and the value of evaluating such parameters via remote sensing to predict permafrost spatial or temporal variability. Incorporating diverse geophysical datasets with in‐situ validation into machine learning models demonstrates a useful approach to upscale estimated permafrost extent across large Arctic expanses. |
author2 |
National Science Foundation Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Campbell, Seth William Briggs, Martin Roy, Samuel G. Douglas, Thomas A. Saari, Stephanie |
spellingShingle |
Campbell, Seth William Briggs, Martin Roy, Samuel G. Douglas, Thomas A. Saari, Stephanie Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska |
author_facet |
Campbell, Seth William Briggs, Martin Roy, Samuel G. Douglas, Thomas A. Saari, Stephanie |
author_sort |
Campbell, Seth William |
title |
Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska |
title_short |
Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska |
title_full |
Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at Twelvemile Lake, Alaska |
title_sort |
ground‐penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, terrain, and vegetation observations coupled with machine learning to map permafrost distribution at twelvemile lake, alaska |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2100 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2100 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ppp.2100 |
genre |
Active layer thickness permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Alaska Yukon |
genre_facet |
Active layer thickness permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Alaska Yukon |
op_source |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 32, issue 3, page 407-426 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2100 |
container_title |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
_version_ |
1810430777550176256 |