Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic
Abstract Active layer probing in northern Sweden, northeast Greenland, and central Svalbard indicates active layer thickening has occurred at Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) sites with long‐term, continuous observations, since the sites were established at these locations in 1978, 1996, a...
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crwiley:10.1002/ppp.2088 2024-06-23T07:44:54+00:00 Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic Strand, Sarah M. Christiansen, Hanne H. Johansson, Margareta Åkerman, Jonas Humlum, Ole Polarforskningssekretariatet 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2088 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2088 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ppp.2088 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 32, issue 1, page 47-58 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2088 2024-06-13T04:22:18Z Abstract Active layer probing in northern Sweden, northeast Greenland, and central Svalbard indicates active layer thickening has occurred at Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) sites with long‐term, continuous observations, since the sites were established at these locations in 1978, 1996, and 2000, respectively. The study areas exhibit a reverse latitudinal gradient in average active layer thickness (ALT), which is explained by site geomorphology and climate. Specifically, Svalbard has a more maritime climate and thus the thickest active layer of the study areas (average ALT = 99 cm, 2000–2018). The active layer is thinnest at the northern Sweden sites because it is primarily confined to superficial peat. Interannual variability in ALT is not synchronous across this Nordic Arctic region, but study sites in the same area respond similarly to local meteorology. ALT correlates positively with thawing degree days in Sweden and Greenland, as has been observed in other Arctic regions. However, ALT in Svalbard correlates with freezing degree days, where the maritime Arctic climate results in relatively high and variable winter air temperatures. The difference in annual ALT at adjacent sites is attributed to differences in snow cover and geomorphology. From 2000 to 2018, the average rate of active layer thickening at the Nordic Arctic CALM probing sites was 0.5 cm/yr. The average rate was 1 cm/yr for Nordic Arctic CALM database sites with significant trends, which includes a borehole in addition to probing sites. This range is in line with the circum‐Arctic average of 0.8 cm/yr from 2000 to 2018. Article in Journal/Newspaper Active layer monitoring Arctic Greenland Northern Sweden Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Svalbard Wiley Online Library Arctic Greenland Svalbard Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 32 1 47 58 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Active layer probing in northern Sweden, northeast Greenland, and central Svalbard indicates active layer thickening has occurred at Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) sites with long‐term, continuous observations, since the sites were established at these locations in 1978, 1996, and 2000, respectively. The study areas exhibit a reverse latitudinal gradient in average active layer thickness (ALT), which is explained by site geomorphology and climate. Specifically, Svalbard has a more maritime climate and thus the thickest active layer of the study areas (average ALT = 99 cm, 2000–2018). The active layer is thinnest at the northern Sweden sites because it is primarily confined to superficial peat. Interannual variability in ALT is not synchronous across this Nordic Arctic region, but study sites in the same area respond similarly to local meteorology. ALT correlates positively with thawing degree days in Sweden and Greenland, as has been observed in other Arctic regions. However, ALT in Svalbard correlates with freezing degree days, where the maritime Arctic climate results in relatively high and variable winter air temperatures. The difference in annual ALT at adjacent sites is attributed to differences in snow cover and geomorphology. From 2000 to 2018, the average rate of active layer thickening at the Nordic Arctic CALM probing sites was 0.5 cm/yr. The average rate was 1 cm/yr for Nordic Arctic CALM database sites with significant trends, which includes a borehole in addition to probing sites. This range is in line with the circum‐Arctic average of 0.8 cm/yr from 2000 to 2018. |
author2 |
Polarforskningssekretariatet |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Strand, Sarah M. Christiansen, Hanne H. Johansson, Margareta Åkerman, Jonas Humlum, Ole |
spellingShingle |
Strand, Sarah M. Christiansen, Hanne H. Johansson, Margareta Åkerman, Jonas Humlum, Ole Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic |
author_facet |
Strand, Sarah M. Christiansen, Hanne H. Johansson, Margareta Åkerman, Jonas Humlum, Ole |
author_sort |
Strand, Sarah M. |
title |
Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic |
title_short |
Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic |
title_full |
Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the Nordic Arctic compared to the circum‐Arctic |
title_sort |
active layer thickening and controls on interannual variability in the nordic arctic compared to the circum‐arctic |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2088 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2088 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ppp.2088 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland Svalbard |
genre |
Active layer monitoring Arctic Greenland Northern Sweden Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Active layer monitoring Arctic Greenland Northern Sweden Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Svalbard |
op_source |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 32, issue 1, page 47-58 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2088 |
container_title |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
container_volume |
32 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
47 |
op_container_end_page |
58 |
_version_ |
1802639900804120576 |