GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum
Abstract This study presents GIS‐based estimates of permafrost extent in the northern circumpolar region during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), based on a review of previously published maps and compilations of field evidence in the form of ice‐wedge pseudomorphs and relict sand wedges. We focus on...
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crwiley:10.1002/ppp.1851 2024-10-13T14:07:57+00:00 GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum Lindgren, Amelie Hugelius, Gustaf Kuhry, Peter Christensen, Torben R. Vandenberghe, Jef Swedish Research Council 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1851 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fppp.1851 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.1851 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 27, issue 1, page 6-16 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 journal-article 2015 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1851 2024-09-17T04:47:43Z Abstract This study presents GIS‐based estimates of permafrost extent in the northern circumpolar region during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), based on a review of previously published maps and compilations of field evidence in the form of ice‐wedge pseudomorphs and relict sand wedges. We focus on field evidence localities in areas thought to have been located along the past southern border of permafrost. We present different reconstructions of permafrost extent, with areal estimates of exposed sea shelf, ice sheets and glaciers, to assess areas of minimum, likely and maximum permafrost extents. The GIS‐based mapping of these empirical reconstructions allows us to estimate the likely area of northern permafrost during the LGM as 34.5 million km 2 (which includes 4.7 million km 2 of permafrost on exposed coastal sea shelves). The minimum estimate is 32.7 million km 2 and the maximum estimate is 35.3 million km 2 . The extent of LGM permafrost is estimated to have been between c . 9.1 to 11.7 million km 2 larger than its current extent on land (23.6 million km 2 ). However, 2.4 million km 2 of the lost land area currently remains as subsea permafrost on the submerged coastal shelves. The LGM permafrost extent in the northern circumpolar region during the LGM was therefore about 33 percent larger than at present. The net loss of northern permafrost since the LGM is due to its disappearance in large parts of Eurasia, which is not compensated for by gains in North America in areas formerly covered by the Laurentide ice sheet. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Ice Sheet permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes wedge* Wiley Online Library Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 27 1 6 16 |
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English |
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Abstract This study presents GIS‐based estimates of permafrost extent in the northern circumpolar region during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), based on a review of previously published maps and compilations of field evidence in the form of ice‐wedge pseudomorphs and relict sand wedges. We focus on field evidence localities in areas thought to have been located along the past southern border of permafrost. We present different reconstructions of permafrost extent, with areal estimates of exposed sea shelf, ice sheets and glaciers, to assess areas of minimum, likely and maximum permafrost extents. The GIS‐based mapping of these empirical reconstructions allows us to estimate the likely area of northern permafrost during the LGM as 34.5 million km 2 (which includes 4.7 million km 2 of permafrost on exposed coastal sea shelves). The minimum estimate is 32.7 million km 2 and the maximum estimate is 35.3 million km 2 . The extent of LGM permafrost is estimated to have been between c . 9.1 to 11.7 million km 2 larger than its current extent on land (23.6 million km 2 ). However, 2.4 million km 2 of the lost land area currently remains as subsea permafrost on the submerged coastal shelves. The LGM permafrost extent in the northern circumpolar region during the LGM was therefore about 33 percent larger than at present. The net loss of northern permafrost since the LGM is due to its disappearance in large parts of Eurasia, which is not compensated for by gains in North America in areas formerly covered by the Laurentide ice sheet. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
author2 |
Swedish Research Council |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lindgren, Amelie Hugelius, Gustaf Kuhry, Peter Christensen, Torben R. Vandenberghe, Jef |
spellingShingle |
Lindgren, Amelie Hugelius, Gustaf Kuhry, Peter Christensen, Torben R. Vandenberghe, Jef GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum |
author_facet |
Lindgren, Amelie Hugelius, Gustaf Kuhry, Peter Christensen, Torben R. Vandenberghe, Jef |
author_sort |
Lindgren, Amelie |
title |
GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum |
title_short |
GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum |
title_full |
GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum |
title_fullStr |
GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum |
title_full_unstemmed |
GIS‐based Maps and Area Estimates of Northern Hemisphere Permafrost Extent during the Last Glacial Maximum |
title_sort |
gis‐based maps and area estimates of northern hemisphere permafrost extent during the last glacial maximum |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1851 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fppp.1851 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.1851 |
genre |
Ice Ice Sheet permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes wedge* |
genre_facet |
Ice Ice Sheet permafrost Permafrost and Periglacial Processes wedge* |
op_source |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes volume 27, issue 1, page 6-16 ISSN 1045-6740 1099-1530 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1851 |
container_title |
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
6 |
op_container_end_page |
16 |
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1812814525752147968 |