Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing
Abstract Daily weather patterns over the North Atlantic are classified into relevant types: typical weather patterns that may characterize the range of climate impacts from aviation in this region, for both summer and winter. The motivation is to provide a set of weather types to facilitate an inves...
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crwiley:10.1002/met.1291 2024-09-15T18:21:47+00:00 Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing Irvine, Emma A. Hoskins, Brian J. Shine, Keith P. Lunnon, Robert W. Froemming, Christine 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/met.1291 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fmet.1291 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/met.1291 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Meteorological Applications volume 20, issue 1, page 80-93 ISSN 1350-4827 1469-8080 journal-article 2012 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1291 2024-08-27T04:30:04Z Abstract Daily weather patterns over the North Atlantic are classified into relevant types: typical weather patterns that may characterize the range of climate impacts from aviation in this region, for both summer and winter. The motivation is to provide a set of weather types to facilitate an investigation of climate‐optimal aircraft routing of trans‐Atlantic flights (minimizing the climate impact on a flight‐by‐flight basis). Using the New York to London route as an example, the time‐optimal route times are shown to vary by over 60 min, to take advantage of strong tailwinds or avoid headwinds, and for eastbound routes latitude correlates well with the latitude of the jet stream. The weather patterns are classified by their similarity to the North Atlantic Oscillation and East Atlantic teleconnection patterns. For winter, five types are defined; in summer, when there is less variation in jet latitude, only three types are defined. The types can be characterized by the jet strength and position, and therefore the location of the time‐optimal routes varies by type. Simple proxies for the climate impact of carbon dioxide, ozone, water vapour and contrails are defined, which depend on parameters such as the route time, latitude and season, the time spent flying in the stratosphere, and the distance over which the air is supersaturated with respect to ice. These proxies are then shown to vary between weather types and between eastbound and westbound routes. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Wiley Online Library Meteorological Applications 20 1 80 93 |
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English |
description |
Abstract Daily weather patterns over the North Atlantic are classified into relevant types: typical weather patterns that may characterize the range of climate impacts from aviation in this region, for both summer and winter. The motivation is to provide a set of weather types to facilitate an investigation of climate‐optimal aircraft routing of trans‐Atlantic flights (minimizing the climate impact on a flight‐by‐flight basis). Using the New York to London route as an example, the time‐optimal route times are shown to vary by over 60 min, to take advantage of strong tailwinds or avoid headwinds, and for eastbound routes latitude correlates well with the latitude of the jet stream. The weather patterns are classified by their similarity to the North Atlantic Oscillation and East Atlantic teleconnection patterns. For winter, five types are defined; in summer, when there is less variation in jet latitude, only three types are defined. The types can be characterized by the jet strength and position, and therefore the location of the time‐optimal routes varies by type. Simple proxies for the climate impact of carbon dioxide, ozone, water vapour and contrails are defined, which depend on parameters such as the route time, latitude and season, the time spent flying in the stratosphere, and the distance over which the air is supersaturated with respect to ice. These proxies are then shown to vary between weather types and between eastbound and westbound routes. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Irvine, Emma A. Hoskins, Brian J. Shine, Keith P. Lunnon, Robert W. Froemming, Christine |
spellingShingle |
Irvine, Emma A. Hoskins, Brian J. Shine, Keith P. Lunnon, Robert W. Froemming, Christine Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing |
author_facet |
Irvine, Emma A. Hoskins, Brian J. Shine, Keith P. Lunnon, Robert W. Froemming, Christine |
author_sort |
Irvine, Emma A. |
title |
Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing |
title_short |
Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing |
title_full |
Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing |
title_fullStr |
Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing |
title_sort |
characterizing north atlantic weather patterns for climate‐optimal aircraft routing |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/met.1291 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fmet.1291 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/met.1291 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Meteorological Applications volume 20, issue 1, page 80-93 ISSN 1350-4827 1469-8080 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1291 |
container_title |
Meteorological Applications |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
80 |
op_container_end_page |
93 |
_version_ |
1810460715329257472 |