Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system
Abstract Recent research highlighted significant marine biological activity during the Arctic winter, with poorly known implications for the biological carbon pump. We used moored instruments to (1) track the development of the pelagic food web of a high‐Arctic marine ecosystem from winter to spring...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.12588 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12588 |
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crwiley:10.1002/lno.12588 2024-09-15T18:00:42+00:00 Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system Darnis, Gérald Geoffroy, Maxime Daase, Malin Lalande, Catherine Søreide, Janne E. Leu, Eva Renaud, Paul E. Berge, Jørgen Ocean Frontier Institute Norges Forskningsråd Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada CIRNAC Canada First Research Excellence Fund 2024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.12588 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12588 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Limnology and Oceanography volume 69, issue 7, page 1481-1493 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 journal-article 2024 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12588 2024-07-23T04:11:58Z Abstract Recent research highlighted significant marine biological activity during the Arctic winter, with poorly known implications for the biological carbon pump. We used moored instruments to (1) track the development of the pelagic food web of a high‐Arctic marine ecosystem from winter to spring, and (2) assess the role of zooplankton‐mediated processes in the sinking export of particulate organic carbon (POC). Zooplankton collected by a sediment trap at 40 m depth in Kongsfjorden showed a shift in species composition in February coinciding with an inflow of Atlantic water and the return of sunlight. The Atlantic copepod Calanus finmarchicus and the Arctic Calanus glacialis became dominant in the post‐inflow assemblage of large mesozooplankton. However, large copepods were never abundant (0.3–4.6 ind m −3 ) in January–April in the upper 40 m. Despite the low chlorophyll fluorescence, POC export increased substantially, from 2–13 mg C m −2 d −1 in January–February to 13–35 mg C m −2 d −1 in March–April 2014. By late March, zooplankton fecal pellets contributed largely (23–100%) to this significant POC export before the phytoplankton bloom. The lack of change in copepod and euphausiid population sizes suggests that enhanced feeding activity in the surface layer supported the increasing fecal pellet export. Our results revealed the swift response of active zooplankton in winter, evidenced by increased carbon export, to improved food availability. Article in Journal/Newspaper Calanus finmarchicus Calanus glacialis Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Phytoplankton Zooplankton Copepods Wiley Online Library Limnology and Oceanography 69 7 1481 1493 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Recent research highlighted significant marine biological activity during the Arctic winter, with poorly known implications for the biological carbon pump. We used moored instruments to (1) track the development of the pelagic food web of a high‐Arctic marine ecosystem from winter to spring, and (2) assess the role of zooplankton‐mediated processes in the sinking export of particulate organic carbon (POC). Zooplankton collected by a sediment trap at 40 m depth in Kongsfjorden showed a shift in species composition in February coinciding with an inflow of Atlantic water and the return of sunlight. The Atlantic copepod Calanus finmarchicus and the Arctic Calanus glacialis became dominant in the post‐inflow assemblage of large mesozooplankton. However, large copepods were never abundant (0.3–4.6 ind m −3 ) in January–April in the upper 40 m. Despite the low chlorophyll fluorescence, POC export increased substantially, from 2–13 mg C m −2 d −1 in January–February to 13–35 mg C m −2 d −1 in March–April 2014. By late March, zooplankton fecal pellets contributed largely (23–100%) to this significant POC export before the phytoplankton bloom. The lack of change in copepod and euphausiid population sizes suggests that enhanced feeding activity in the surface layer supported the increasing fecal pellet export. Our results revealed the swift response of active zooplankton in winter, evidenced by increased carbon export, to improved food availability. |
author2 |
Ocean Frontier Institute Norges Forskningsråd Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada CIRNAC Canada First Research Excellence Fund |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Darnis, Gérald Geoffroy, Maxime Daase, Malin Lalande, Catherine Søreide, Janne E. Leu, Eva Renaud, Paul E. Berge, Jørgen |
spellingShingle |
Darnis, Gérald Geoffroy, Maxime Daase, Malin Lalande, Catherine Søreide, Janne E. Leu, Eva Renaud, Paul E. Berge, Jørgen Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system |
author_facet |
Darnis, Gérald Geoffroy, Maxime Daase, Malin Lalande, Catherine Søreide, Janne E. Leu, Eva Renaud, Paul E. Berge, Jørgen |
author_sort |
Darnis, Gérald |
title |
Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system |
title_short |
Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system |
title_full |
Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system |
title_fullStr |
Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system |
title_full_unstemmed |
Zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ Arctic system |
title_sort |
zooplankton fecal pellet flux drives the biological carbon pump during the winter–spring transition in a high‐ arctic system |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.12588 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12588 |
genre |
Calanus finmarchicus Calanus glacialis Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Phytoplankton Zooplankton Copepods |
genre_facet |
Calanus finmarchicus Calanus glacialis Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Phytoplankton Zooplankton Copepods |
op_source |
Limnology and Oceanography volume 69, issue 7, page 1481-1493 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12588 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
69 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1481 |
op_container_end_page |
1493 |
_version_ |
1810437867713855488 |