Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic
Abstract Kelps act as ecosystem engineers on many polar rocky shore coastlines. The underwater light climate and temperature are the main drivers for their vertical and latitudinal distribution. With temperatures rising globally, an Arctic expansion of temperate kelp species and an accelerating glac...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography |
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crwiley:10.1002/lno.12312 2024-10-13T14:04:29+00:00 Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic Niedzwiedz, Sarina Bischof, Kai Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.12312 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12312 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/lno.12312 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12312 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Limnology and Oceanography volume 68, issue 4, page 816-830 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 journal-article 2023 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12312 2024-09-23T04:35:09Z Abstract Kelps act as ecosystem engineers on many polar rocky shore coastlines. The underwater light climate and temperature are the main drivers for their vertical and latitudinal distribution. With temperatures rising globally, an Arctic expansion of temperate kelp species and an accelerating glacial melt is predicted. It was our aim to investigate the effects of retreating glaciers and rising temperatures on the potential habitat of kelps in Arctic fjords. We analyzed the underwater light climate of areas being influenced by different stages of glacial retreat (sea‐terminating glacier, land‐terminating glacier, coastal water) in Arctic Kongsfjorden. We observed reduced light intensities and a changed spectral composition in glacial meltwater plumes, potentially resulting in an upward shift of the lower depth limit of kelp, counteracting the predicted biomass increase in the Arctic. Furthermore, we studied temperature‐related changes in light‐use characteristics in two kelp species ( Alaria esculenta , Saccharina latissima ) at 3°C, 7°C, and 11°C. Rising temperatures lead to a significant increase of the compensation irradiance of A. esculenta . The dark respiration of S. latissima increased significantly, correlating with a decreasing carbon content. We detected no differences in photosynthetic rates, although the chlorophyll a concentration of A. esculenta was ~ 78% higher compared to S. latissima . Ultimately, temperature‐induced changes in kelps light‐use characteristics might lead to a changed species composition, as we found A. esculenta better adapted to polar conditions. We conclude that the deterioration of the underwater light climate and the temperature increase may drive substantial changes of the future Arctic kelp forest structure. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Wiley Online Library Arctic Limnology and Oceanography 68 4 816 830 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Kelps act as ecosystem engineers on many polar rocky shore coastlines. The underwater light climate and temperature are the main drivers for their vertical and latitudinal distribution. With temperatures rising globally, an Arctic expansion of temperate kelp species and an accelerating glacial melt is predicted. It was our aim to investigate the effects of retreating glaciers and rising temperatures on the potential habitat of kelps in Arctic fjords. We analyzed the underwater light climate of areas being influenced by different stages of glacial retreat (sea‐terminating glacier, land‐terminating glacier, coastal water) in Arctic Kongsfjorden. We observed reduced light intensities and a changed spectral composition in glacial meltwater plumes, potentially resulting in an upward shift of the lower depth limit of kelp, counteracting the predicted biomass increase in the Arctic. Furthermore, we studied temperature‐related changes in light‐use characteristics in two kelp species ( Alaria esculenta , Saccharina latissima ) at 3°C, 7°C, and 11°C. Rising temperatures lead to a significant increase of the compensation irradiance of A. esculenta . The dark respiration of S. latissima increased significantly, correlating with a decreasing carbon content. We detected no differences in photosynthetic rates, although the chlorophyll a concentration of A. esculenta was ~ 78% higher compared to S. latissima . Ultimately, temperature‐induced changes in kelps light‐use characteristics might lead to a changed species composition, as we found A. esculenta better adapted to polar conditions. We conclude that the deterioration of the underwater light climate and the temperature increase may drive substantial changes of the future Arctic kelp forest structure. |
author2 |
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Niedzwiedz, Sarina Bischof, Kai |
spellingShingle |
Niedzwiedz, Sarina Bischof, Kai Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic |
author_facet |
Niedzwiedz, Sarina Bischof, Kai |
author_sort |
Niedzwiedz, Sarina |
title |
Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic |
title_short |
Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic |
title_full |
Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic |
title_sort |
glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future arctic |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.12312 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12312 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/lno.12312 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12312 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden |
genre_facet |
Arctic Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden |
op_source |
Limnology and Oceanography volume 68, issue 4, page 816-830 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12312 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
68 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
816 |
op_container_end_page |
830 |
_version_ |
1812809699172548608 |