Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords
Abstract Fjord ecosystems of the high Arctic are distinct from fjords of temperate latitudes due to the influence of glaciers, icebergs, sea ice, and the permanently low temperatures. The sediment microbiology and biogeochemical processes were analyzed during an international research program with m...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Flno.11551 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/lno.11551 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 |
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crwiley:10.1002/lno.11551 2024-09-15T17:53:53+00:00 Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. Danmarks Grundforskningsfond National Science Foundation Stony Brook University 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Flno.11551 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/lno.11551 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Limnology and Oceanography volume 66, issue S1 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 2024-08-30T04:08:59Z Abstract Fjord ecosystems of the high Arctic are distinct from fjords of temperate latitudes due to the influence of glaciers, icebergs, sea ice, and the permanently low temperatures. The sediment microbiology and biogeochemical processes were analyzed during an international research program with multiple field studies in Svalbard, situated between the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean. We here describe the physical and geochemical setting and the predominant microbiological processes in several fjords. Physiological studies of sediments and pure cultures show how the predominantly psychrophilic bacteria are adapted to the near‐zero temperature. The microbial communities include bacteria responsible for organic matter hydrolytic degradation, fermentation, and terminal oxidation to CO 2 . These processes drive the cycling of carbon, sulfur, iron, and manganese. The balance between the dominant sediment microbial processes changes along transects out through the fjords, reflecting the varying impact of the glacier‐derived rock flour, rich in metal oxides at the head, and the plankton‐derived, labile, marine organic matter at the mouth. Due to accelerated warming of Arctic ecosystems, glaciers are retreating with impacts on the physical, chemical, and biological functioning of the fjord sediment ecosystems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ocean Barents Sea glacier Iceberg* Sea ice Svalbard Wiley Online Library Limnology and Oceanography 66 S1 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Fjord ecosystems of the high Arctic are distinct from fjords of temperate latitudes due to the influence of glaciers, icebergs, sea ice, and the permanently low temperatures. The sediment microbiology and biogeochemical processes were analyzed during an international research program with multiple field studies in Svalbard, situated between the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean. We here describe the physical and geochemical setting and the predominant microbiological processes in several fjords. Physiological studies of sediments and pure cultures show how the predominantly psychrophilic bacteria are adapted to the near‐zero temperature. The microbial communities include bacteria responsible for organic matter hydrolytic degradation, fermentation, and terminal oxidation to CO 2 . These processes drive the cycling of carbon, sulfur, iron, and manganese. The balance between the dominant sediment microbial processes changes along transects out through the fjords, reflecting the varying impact of the glacier‐derived rock flour, rich in metal oxides at the head, and the plankton‐derived, labile, marine organic matter at the mouth. Due to accelerated warming of Arctic ecosystems, glaciers are retreating with impacts on the physical, chemical, and biological functioning of the fjord sediment ecosystems. |
author2 |
Danmarks Grundforskningsfond National Science Foundation Stony Brook University |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. |
spellingShingle |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords |
author_facet |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. |
author_sort |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker |
title |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_short |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_full |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_fullStr |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystems—Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_sort |
biogeochemistry and microbiology of high arctic marine sediment ecosystems—case study of svalbard fjords |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Flno.11551 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/lno.11551 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11551 |
genre |
Arctic Ocean Barents Sea glacier Iceberg* Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ocean Barents Sea glacier Iceberg* Sea ice Svalbard |
op_source |
Limnology and Oceanography volume 66, issue S1 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
66 |
container_issue |
S1 |
_version_ |
1810429988620468224 |