Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity
ABSTRACT As the interest for nature‐based tourism activities increases, it is important to provide evidence‐based guidelines for wildlife‐human interactions to minimize the disturbance caused to wildlife. In Fennoscandia, the endangered arctic fox ( Vulpes lagopus ) is subject to increasing tourism...
Published in: | The Journal of Wildlife Management |
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crwiley:10.1002/jwmg.21827 2024-06-02T08:00:09+00:00 Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity Larm, Malin Brundin, Erika Stålhandske, Thomas Angerbjörn, Anders Albert & Maria Bergströms foundation Åke Stordal foundation EU/Interreg Felles Fjellrev I and II WWF Sweden Fjällräven AB 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21827 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjwmg.21827 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jwmg.21827 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jwmg.21827 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor The Journal of Wildlife Management volume 84, issue 4, page 821-828 ISSN 0022-541X 1937-2817 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21827 2024-05-03T11:55:47Z ABSTRACT As the interest for nature‐based tourism activities increases, it is important to provide evidence‐based guidelines for wildlife‐human interactions to minimize the disturbance caused to wildlife. In Fennoscandia, the endangered arctic fox ( Vulpes lagopus ) is subject to increasing tourism interest and some regions recommend a minimum approach distance of 300 m, but the guidelines have not been scientifically validated. We conducted experimental human approaches towards arctic fox den sites to study activity and behavioral changes in response to the approaching observer. The first arctic foxes hid when approached within 300 m, but many had increased their vigilance already at the start distance of 500 m. At approximately 200 m, the hiding probability increased rapidly at dens disturbed and undisturbed by tourism activities. Arctic foxes at disturbed dens allowed the observer to approach more closely before they increased their vigilance and before they hid compared to foxes at undisturbed dens. We confirm that a minimum distance of 300 m might be sufficient for most arctic foxes to refrain from hiding, but a longer distance would be required to avoid causing any disturbance. We recommend a minimum approach distance of ≥300 m to be implemented in all Fennoscandian regions inhabited by the arctic fox. © 2020 The Wildlife Society. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Fox Arctic Fennoscandia Fennoscandian Vulpes lagopus Wiley Online Library Arctic The Journal of Wildlife Management 84 4 821 828 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT As the interest for nature‐based tourism activities increases, it is important to provide evidence‐based guidelines for wildlife‐human interactions to minimize the disturbance caused to wildlife. In Fennoscandia, the endangered arctic fox ( Vulpes lagopus ) is subject to increasing tourism interest and some regions recommend a minimum approach distance of 300 m, but the guidelines have not been scientifically validated. We conducted experimental human approaches towards arctic fox den sites to study activity and behavioral changes in response to the approaching observer. The first arctic foxes hid when approached within 300 m, but many had increased their vigilance already at the start distance of 500 m. At approximately 200 m, the hiding probability increased rapidly at dens disturbed and undisturbed by tourism activities. Arctic foxes at disturbed dens allowed the observer to approach more closely before they increased their vigilance and before they hid compared to foxes at undisturbed dens. We confirm that a minimum distance of 300 m might be sufficient for most arctic foxes to refrain from hiding, but a longer distance would be required to avoid causing any disturbance. We recommend a minimum approach distance of ≥300 m to be implemented in all Fennoscandian regions inhabited by the arctic fox. © 2020 The Wildlife Society. |
author2 |
Albert & Maria Bergströms foundation Åke Stordal foundation EU/Interreg Felles Fjellrev I and II WWF Sweden Fjällräven AB |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Larm, Malin Brundin, Erika Stålhandske, Thomas Angerbjörn, Anders |
spellingShingle |
Larm, Malin Brundin, Erika Stålhandske, Thomas Angerbjörn, Anders Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity |
author_facet |
Larm, Malin Brundin, Erika Stålhandske, Thomas Angerbjörn, Anders |
author_sort |
Larm, Malin |
title |
Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity |
title_short |
Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity |
title_full |
Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity |
title_fullStr |
Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic Fox Responses to Tourism Activity |
title_sort |
arctic fox responses to tourism activity |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21827 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjwmg.21827 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jwmg.21827 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jwmg.21827 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Fox Arctic Fennoscandia Fennoscandian Vulpes lagopus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Fox Arctic Fennoscandia Fennoscandian Vulpes lagopus |
op_source |
The Journal of Wildlife Management volume 84, issue 4, page 821-828 ISSN 0022-541X 1937-2817 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21827 |
container_title |
The Journal of Wildlife Management |
container_volume |
84 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
821 |
op_container_end_page |
828 |
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1800744166033981440 |